Influence of parasympathetic non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic mechanisms on [3H]thymidine uptake in rat parotid salivary glands in response to mastication following upon a liquid regimen

Ekström, Jørgen; Reinhold, A.-C

doi:10.1016/s0003-9969(01)00073-5

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…By electrical stimulation of the parasympathetic innervation or by reflexly elicited parasympathetic nerve activity through mastication, the mitotic activity of the glands increases ( 24 - 27 ). Though, the sympathetic innervation seems of minor importance for the gland size, as judged by denervation experiments ( 28 ), there are reports of increases in mitotic activity and cell size upon sympathetic stimulation ( 29 , 30 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostimulation of the lingual nerve by an intraoral device may lead to salivary gland regeneration: A case series study

Wolff¹,

Koray²,

Campisi³

et al. 2018

Med Oral

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BackgroundSalivary gland function is controlled by the salivary reflex, whose efferent arm is composed by the parasympathetic and the sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Parenchymal injury is the main salivary gland involvement of Sjögren’s syndrome and head and neck radiotherapy, but neural damage has been reported as well. Recently an intraoral device for electrostimulation of the lingual nerve in vicinity to the lower third molar has been introduced. At this point this nerve carries efferent fibers for the innervation of the submandibular, sublingual and several minor salivary glands and afferent fibers of the salivary reflex. Therefore, excitation of these fibers potentially leads to increased secretion of all salivary glands. Thus, the study objective was to assess whether comprehensive neural activation by electrostimulation of the lingual nerve carries the potential to induce the regeneration of damaged salivary glands.Material and MethodsThe device was tested on three patients with no collectable resting and stimulated secretion of saliva during a double blind, sham controlled period of two months and nine open-label months.ResultsAll three subjects developed the capacity to spit saliva, not only in direct response to the electrostimulation but also after free intervals without electrostimulation. In addition, their symptoms of dry mouth severity and frequency improved.ConclusionsThis recovery is probably due to the combined effect of increase in secretory functional gland mass and regain of nervous control of the secretory elements and blood vessels. Both are phenomena that would contribute to gland regeneration. Key words:Xerostomia, dry mouth, saliva, electrostimulation, regeneration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostimulation of the lingual nerve by an intraoral device may lead to salivary gland regeneration: A case series study

Wolff¹,

Koray²,

Campisi³

et al. 2018

Med Oral

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“…Modulation of gene expression in skeletal systems is probably the best-studied tissue model, and neural influences of both normal and aged muscle have been described (16,24,30). More recent studies on the autonomic innervation of the salivary and other glands have shown a significant but diverse range of effects on function and morphology (20,21,60,69). Rossi et al (55) reported reduced tear production with dry eye-like symptoms in neurturin-related neurotrophic factor-deficient mice lacking parasympathetic innervation to the harderian glands and LG.…”

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confidence: 99%

Microarray analysis of the rat lacrimal gland following the loss of parasympathetic control of secretion

Nguyen

Toshida

Schurr

et al. 2004

Physiological Genomics

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Previous studies showed that loss of muscarinic parasympathetic input to the lacrimal gland (LG) leads to a dramatic reduction in tear secretion and profound changes to LG structure. In this study, we used DNA microarrays to examine the regulation of the gene expression of the genes for secretory function and organization of the LG. Long-Evans rats anesthetized with a mixture of ketamine/xylazine (80:10 mg/kg) underwent unilateral sectioning of the greater superficial petrosal nerve, the input to the pterygopalatine ganglion. After 7 days, tear secretion was measured, the animals were killed, and structural changes in the LG were examined by light microscopy. Total RNA from control and experimental LGs (n = 5) was used for DNA microarray analysis employing the U34A GeneChip. Three statistical algorithms (detection, change call, and signal log ratio) were used to determine differential gene expression using the Microarray Suite (5.0) and Data Mining Tools (3.0). Tear secretion was significantly reduced and corneal ulcers developed in all experimental eyes. Light microscopy showed breakdown of the acinar structure of the LG. DNA microarray analysis showed downregulation of genes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, including genes involved in protein folding and processing. Conversely, transcripts for cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix components, inflammation, and apoptosis were upregulated. The number of significantly upregulated genes (116) was substantially greater than the number of downregulated genes (49). Removal of the main secretory input to the rat LG resulted in clinical symptoms associated with severe dry eye. Components of the secretory pathway were negatively affected, and the increase in cell proliferation and inflammation may lead to loss of organization in the parasympathectomized lacrimal gland.

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“…Thus, it is hypothesized that long‐term administration of electrostimulation could lead to resetting of the salivary reflex, which would become more responsive to all kinds of stimuli besides electrostimulation. In addition, stimulation of the salivary reflex arch might increase the release of nonadrenergic, noncholinergic trophic mediators and antiapoptotic stimuli, which might have long‐term trophic effects on salivary gland parenchyma, leading to the regeneration of functional tissue (37–39). This assumption is based on studies that have demonstrated mitogenic responses in rat parotid and submandibular glands following electrical stimulation of their parasympathetic nerves (5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety of an intraoral electrostimulation device for xerostomia relief: A multicenter, randomized trial

Strietzel¹,

Lafaurie²,

Mendoza³

et al. 2010

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of an intraoral electrostimulation device, consisting of stimulating electrodes, an electronic circuit, and a power source, in treating xerostomia. The device delivers electrostimulation through the oral mucosa to the lingual nerve in order to enhance the salivary reflex.Methods. The device was tested on a sample of patients with xerostomia due to Sjögren's syndrome and other sicca conditions in a 2-stage prospective, randomized, multicenter trial. Stage I was a double-blind, crossover stage designed to compare the effects of the electrically active device with the sham device, each used for 1 month, and stage II was a 3-month open-label stage designed to assess the long-term effects of the active device. Improvement in xerostomia severity from baseline was the primary outcome measure.Results. A total of 114 patients were randomized. In stage I, the active device performed better than the ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00509808. Drs.

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Influence of parasympathetic non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic mechanisms on [3H]thymidine uptake in rat parotid salivary glands in response to mastication following upon a liquid regimen

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Electrostimulation of the lingual nerve by an intraoral device may lead to salivary gland regeneration: A case series study

Electrostimulation of the lingual nerve by an intraoral device may lead to salivary gland regeneration: A case series study

Microarray analysis of the rat lacrimal gland following the loss of parasympathetic control of secretion

Efficacy and safety of an intraoral electrostimulation device for xerostomia relief: A multicenter, randomized trial

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