Influence of other rare earth ions on the optical refrigeration efficiency in Yb:YLF crystals

Lieto, A. Di; Sottile, Alberto; Volpi, Azzurra; Zhang, Zhonghan; Seletskiy, Denis V.; Tonelli, M.

doi:10.1364/oe.22.028572

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…(5), by exploiting pumping schemes with larger . It is worth mentioning that an ultimate laser-induced background might also originate from impurity absorption, the same process that is currently limiting the efficiency of optical refrigeration 48–50 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Axion dark matter detection by laser induced fluorescence in rare-earth doped materials

Braggio

Carugno

Chiossi

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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We present a detection scheme to search for QCD axion dark matter, that is based on a direct interaction between axions and electrons explicitly predicted by DFSZ axion models. The local axion dark matter field shall drive transitions between Zeeman-split atomic levels separated by the axion rest mass energy m a c 2. Axion-related excitations are then detected with an upconversion scheme involving a pump laser that converts the absorbed axion energy (~hundreds of μeV) to visible or infrared photons, where single photon detection is an established technique. The proposed scheme involves rare-earth ions doped into solid-state crystalline materials, and the optical transitions take place between energy levels of 4f N electron configuration. Beyond discussing theoretical aspects and requirements to achieve a cosmologically relevant sensitivity, especially in terms of spectroscopic material properties, we experimentally investigate backgrounds due to the pump laser at temperatures in the range 1.9 − 4.2 K. Our results rule out excitation of the upper Zeeman component of the ground state by laser-related heating effects, and are of some help in optimizing activated material parameters to suppress the multiphonon-assisted Stokes fluorescence.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Axion dark matter detection by laser induced fluorescence in rare-earth doped materials

Braggio

Carugno

Chiossi

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Besides OH − /H 2 O and transition metals, there are other unwanted RE ions in RE‐doped systems that may reduce the cooling efficiency as well. [ 92 ] Taking the most common Yb‐doped system as an example, other RE ions within starting reagents decrease the Yb cooling efficiency when the impurity content exceeds a critical level. Of the rare‐earth ions, Er 3+ and Tm 3+ are the most common impurities in Yb 3+ starting materials, as well as the most efficient acceptors in nonradiative energy transfers from Yb 3+ .…”

Section: Rare‐earth Doped Solidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Point Defects for Solid‐State Laser Refrigeration

et al. 2020

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Herein, the role that point defects have played over the last two decades in realizing solid‐state laser refrigeration is discussed. A brief introduction to the field of solid‐state laser refrigeration is given with an emphasis on the fundamental physical phenomena and quantized electronic transitions that have made solid‐state laser‐cooling possible. Lanthanide‐based point defects, such as trivalent ytterbium ions (Yb3+), have played a central role in the first demonstrations and subsequent development of advanced materials for solid‐state laser refrigeration. Significant discussion is devoted to the quantum mechanical description of optical transitions in lanthanide ions, and their influence on laser cooling. Transition‐metal point defects have been shown to generate substantial background absorption in ceramic materials, decreasing the overall efficiency of a particular laser refrigeration material. Other potential color centers based on fluoride vacancies with multiple potential charge states are also considered. In conclusion, novel materials for solid‐state laser refrigeration, including color centers in diamond that have recently been proposed to realize the solid‐state laser refrigeration of semiconducting materials, are discussed.

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“…Yb:YLF (Yb:LiYF4) is an interesting material that attracts the attention of optics community, not only as a broadband near infrared laser/amplifier gain medium [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], but also as a solid-state optical refrigerating medium [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. From the laser scientist point of view, operating Yb:YLF at cryogenic temperatures enables increased gain and better thermal management, and provides laser sources with 2-3 orders of magnitude higher average power in comparison with roomtemperature operation [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For optical cooling applications based on anti-Stokes emission of Yb:YLF crystals, one ideally needs very high doping levels to achieve efficient absorption near ~1020 nm (this line lies at the long wavelength edge of the absorption spectrum). On the other hand, efficient cooling of the crystal also requires samples with minimal impurities and minimal parasitic background absorption [15,17,18], and so far the optimum doping level stays around 10%. In short, for laser and optical refrigeration communities, it is important to understand the variation of thermo-opto-mechanical parameters of Yb:YLF with doping and temperature [9,21,30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These radiation traps are not always well-known [38]: but in the case of Yb:YLF, existence of trace amounts of rare earth impurities (e.g. Er, Tm, Ho) is shown to create radiation quenching channels [17,32,45]. The energy transfer from the excited Yb ion into these impurities creates a loss of useful inversion, and results in concentration quenching of the fluorescence lifetime [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature and doping dependence of fluorescence lifetime in Yb:YLF (role of impurities)

et al. 2021

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We have investigated temperature and doping dependence of fluorescence lifetime in Yb:YLF crystals in the 78-300 K range, for samples with Yb-doping levels of 0.5%, 1 % and 25%. Radiation-trapping prolonged fluorescence lifetimes are first measured to understand the pros and cons of this inevitable process on fractional thermal load and laser gain. Later, pinhole method was used to acquire ideally trapping free fluoresce lifetimes. For the lowly Yb-doped samples, fluorescence lifetime was measured to be 1.97 ms and 2.1 ms at 78 K and 300 K, respectively. For the 25% Yb-doped sample, strong upconversion emission due to the presence of Er, Tm and Ho impurities were observed. A doubleexponential decay behavior, combined with excitation intensity dependent decay profile was also revealed for this highly doped sample. Even with the pinhole method, the 300 K fluorescence lifetimes was measured as 4.5 ms, showing the difficulty to acquire radiation-trapping free signals at high doping levels. Time dynamics of upconverted emission in different spectral regions were also recorded, which provides hints on the energy transfer mechanisms between the Yb ion and the other rare-earth impurities.

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Influence of other rare earth ions on the optical refrigeration efficiency in Yb:YLF crystals

Cited by 25 publications

References 14 publications

Axion dark matter detection by laser induced fluorescence in rare-earth doped materials

Axion dark matter detection by laser induced fluorescence in rare-earth doped materials

Quantum Point Defects for Solid‐State Laser Refrigeration

Temperature and doping dependence of fluorescence lifetime in Yb:YLF (role of impurities)

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