Influence of nutritional state on the progression and severity of mycobacteriosis in striped bass Morone saxatilis

Jacobs, John M.; Rhodes, Matt; Baya, Ana M.; Reimschuessel, Renate; Townsend, Howard; Harrell, Reginal M.

doi:10.3354/dao02114

Cited by 29 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Multinucleated giant cells (MGC) have been described in fish with bacteriosis (Olsen et al, 2006;Swaim et al, 2006;Jacobs et al, 2009), parasitosis (Adriano et al, 2005Hogge et al, 2008), and fungus (Sosa et al, 2007;Oidtmann et al, 2008), with in Pesq. agropec.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin C and endogenous cortisol in foreign-body inflammatory response in pacus

Belo

Moraes

Soares

et al. 2012

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of food supplementation with vitamin C on macrophage and multinucleated giant cell (MGC) activities of pacus at two stocking densities. The experiment was carried out in a 2x2x3 split-plot factorial arrangement with: 0 and 500 mg kg -1 vitamin C; 5 and 20 kg m -3 stocking densities; and evaluation times at 3, 6, and 12 days after the subcutaneous implantation of glass coverslips (DPI). The number of macrophages and MGC, as well as cortisol and glucose plasma levels were determined. The number of macrophages and MGC with two to five nuclei was significantly greater in fish supplemented with vitamin C at 5 kg m -3 stocking density at 3 DPI in comparison to nonsupplemented ones. The macrophage and MGC counts were lower in fish with high-plasma cortisol concentration. Supplementation with 500 mg vitamin C benefits macrophage activity on foreign-body inflammation, and high-cortisol concentration has suppressive effects on this response.Index terms: Piaractus mesopotamicus, ascorbic acid, glucocorticoid, inflammation, Langhans cells, multinucleated giant cells. Vitamina C e cortisol endógeno em resposta inflamatória tipo corpo estranho em pacusResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação com vitamina C no aumento da atividade de macrófagos e células gigantes multinucleadas (CGM), em pacus mantidos em duas densidades de estocagem. O experimento foi realizado em parcelas subdivididas, em arranjo fatorial 2x2x3 com: 0 e 500 mg kg -1 de vitamina C; densidade de estocagem de 5 e 20 kg m -3 ; e tempos de avaliação de 3, 6 e 12 dias após o implante subcutâneo (DPI) de lamínulas de vidro. Foram determinados o número de macrófagos e de CGM, bem como os níveis de cortisol e glicose no plasma. O número de macrófagos e de CGM com 2 a 5 núcleos foi significativamente maior nos peixes suplementados com vitamina C, à densidade 5 kg m -3 , aos 3 DPI, em relação aos não suplementados. Constatou-se menor quantidade de macrófagos e CGM em peixes com baixa concentração plasmática de cortisol. A suplementação com 500 mg de vitamina C por quilograma de ração beneficia a atividade de macrófagos em inflamações do tipo corpo estranho, e a elevada concentração de cortisol circulante tem efeito supressor nesta resposta.Termos para indexação: Piaractus mesopotamicus, ácido ascórbico, glicocorticoide, inflamação, células de Langhans, células gigantes multinucleadas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin C and endogenous cortisol in foreign-body inflammatory response in pacus

Belo

Moraes

Soares

et al. 2012

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Multinucleated giant cells (MGC) have been described among fish with infectious or parasitic diseases (Olsen et al, 2006;Hogge et al, 2008;Jacobs et al, 2009), and in experimental in vitro (Couso et al, 2002) and in vivo (Petric et al, 2003b;Belo et al, 2005) models. Accumulation of inflammatory cells at the lesion site is the main inflammation event to protect the organism against foreign elements (Kumar et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of chronic inflammation in Nile tilapia fed n‑3 and n‑6 essential fatty acids

Sakabe

Moraes

Belo

et al. 2013

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with essential fatty acids on the kinetics of macrophage accumulation and giant cell formation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The supplementation sources were soybean oil (SO, source of omega 6, n-6) and linseed oil (LO, source of omega 3, n-3), in the following proportions: 100% SO; 75% SO + 25% LO; 50% SO + 50% LO; 25% SO + 75% LO; and 100% LO (four replicates per treatment). After a feeding period of three months, growth performance was evaluated, and glass coverslips were implanted into the subcutaneous connective tissue of fish, being removed for examination at 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after implantation. Growth performance did not differ between treatments. Fish fed 100% linseed oil diet had the greatest macrophage accumulation and the fastest Langhans cell formation on the sixth day. On the eighth day, Langhans cells were predominant on the coverslips implanted in the fish feed 75 and 100% linseed oil. n-3 fatty acids may contribute to macrophage recruitment and giant cell formation in fish chronic inflammatory response to foreign body.Index terms: Oreochromis niloticus, foreign body, growth performance, inflammatory response, lipid nutrition. Cinética da inflamação crônica em tilápia-do-nilo alimentada com ácidos graxos essenciais n-3 e n-6Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o efeito da suplementação alimentar com ácidos graxos essenciais sobre a cinética do acúmulo de macrófagos e a formação de células gigantes em tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus). As fontes de suplementação foram óleo de soja (OS, fonte de ômega 6, n-6) e óleo de linhaça (OL, fonte de ômega 3, n-3), nas seguintes proporções: 100% OS; 75% OS + 25% OL; 50% OS + 50% OL; 25% OS + 75% OL; e 100% OL (quatro repetições por tratamento). Após período de alimentação de três meses, foi avaliado o desempenho produtivo, e lamínulas de vidro foram implantadas no tecido subcutâneo dos peixes, as quais foram removidas para exame aos 2, 4, 6 e 8 dias após o implante. O desempenho produtivo não diferiu entre os tratamentos. Os peixes alimentados com 100% de óleo de linhaça tiveram maior acúmulo de macrófagos e formação mais rápida de células de Langhans, no sexto dia. No oitavo dia, as células de Langhans foram predominantes nas lamínulas implantadas nos peixes alimentados com 75 e 100% de óleo de linhaça. Os ácidos graxos n-3 podem contribuir para o recrutamento de macrófagos e a formação de células gigantes, na resposta inflamatória crônica a corpo estranho em peixes.Termos para indexação: Oreochromis niloticus, corpo estranho, desempenho produtivo, resposta inflamatória, nutrição lipídica.

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“…Injection of 10 8 and 10 9 CFU g -1 body weight (BW) has been shown to induce acute disease, whereas injection of 10 2 and 10 7 CFU g -1 BW has caused chronic disease in goldfish Carassius auratus (BW = 30 g) (Talaat et al 1998). Injection of 10 4 CFU g -1 BW showed chronic granulomatous inflammation with low mortality in previous work on sea bass (Colorni et al 1998) and striped bass (Gauthier et al 2003, Jacobs et al 2009a. Striped bass Morone saxatilis experimentally infected with M. marinum showed large granulomas and progressive inflammation as early as 2 wk post-injection in liver, kidney and the visceral cavity (Gauthier et al 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 68%

“…The M. marinum isolate (FL03-23) was passed through six 30 g striped bass once, and re-isolated from spleen homogenates, before the initiation of the experiments. The inoculation procedures used were identical to those employed by Jacobs et al (2009a). All fish were removed from their tanks, anesthetized in MS-222, weighed and measured before inoculation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term infection of striped bass Morone saxatilis with Mycobacterium marinum

Gonsalves¹,

Jacobs²,

Rhodes³

et al. 2011

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Striped bass Morone saxatilis were studied in order to characterize their immune responses over the short term following challenge with Mycobacterium marinum. The expression of immunity-related genes quickly increased following infection with M. marinum, but these genes were subsequently down-regulated despite the fact that bacterial counts remained high. The number of monocytes and neutrophils also initially increased at 1 d postinfection. This confirms the importance of these types of cells in initial inflammation and mycobacterial infection in striped bass. The phagocytic index of splenic leukocytes over these same time frames did not change significantly following infection. The discrete window in which inflammatory mechanisms were stimulated in striped bass may be related to the intracellular nature of this pathogen.KEY WORDS: Mycobacteriosis · Striped bass · Gene expression · Interleukin-1β · IL-1β · Tumor necrosis factor-α · TNF-α · Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein · Nramp · Transforming growth factor-β · TGF-β Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 94: [117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124] 2011 culosis in humans due to its relatively fast growth (~4 h generation time) and its genetic similarity to M. tuberculosis (Tonjum et al. 1998, Cosma et al. 2003. Several aquatic animal models have been used in the past to study immune responses to infection with M. marinum, including goldfish Carassius auratus, zebrafish Danio rerio, leopard frog Rana pipiens and medaka Oryzias latipes (Ramakrishnan et al. 1997, Talaat et al. 1998, Decostere et al. 2004, Broussard & Ennis 2007.Due to the chronic nature of disease caused by Mycobacterium marinum, previous studies have concentrated on host responses over the long term, looking at the formation and persistence of granulomas in host organs. Only the work of Burge et al. (2004) and Harms et al. (2003) have addressed the early-phase response, and in those cases only in vitro. Here, we investigate the initiation of immune responses in the striped bass Morone saxatilis to an in vivo challenge from M. marinum using markers for inflammation , tumor necrosis factor-α [INF-α], transforming growth factor-β [IGF-β] expression) and bacterial killing mechanisms (natural resistance-associated macrophage protein [Nramp] expression, phagocytic index). MATERIALS AND METHODSExperimental fish and maintenance. One-year-old striped bass Morone saxatilis, Choptank River, Maryland strain, were obtained from Delmarva Aquatics. These fish were transported to the Cooperative Oxford Laboratory (COL) to allow for fish and system acclimation. A total of 100 fish (mean weight = 50 ± 5 g) were randomly stocked in sixteen 568 l circular tanks at 12 to 13 fish per tank and allowed to acclimatize for 1 mo. Experimental conditions were set as: photoperiod 12h light: 12 h dark, pH 8.2, salinity 10 ppt, temperature 21°C. Water quality (dO, NH 3 , NH 4 , NO 2 ) remained in a healthy range for the species (Harrell et al...

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Influence of nutritional state on the progression and severity of mycobacteriosis in striped bass Morone saxatilis

Cited by 29 publications

References 52 publications

Vitamin C and endogenous cortisol in foreign-body inflammatory response in pacus

Vitamin C and endogenous cortisol in foreign-body inflammatory response in pacus

Kinetics of chronic inflammation in Nile tilapia fed n‑3 and n‑6 essential fatty acids

Short-term infection of striped bass Morone saxatilis with Mycobacterium marinum

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