Influence of nitrided and nitrocarburised layers on the functional properties of nitrogen-doped soft carbon-based coatings deposited on 316L steel under DC glow-discharge conditions

Borowski, T.; Kulikowski, Krzysztof; Adamczyk‐Cieślak, Bogusława; Rożniatowski, K.; Spychalski, Maciej; Tarnowski, Michał

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2020.125705

Cited by 20 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Deformation in areas of the boundaries takes place, which results from the significant stress that accumulates during the anisotropic diffusive supersaturation of grains with different crystallographic orientation. This process leads to different degrees of expansion of the neighbouring grains and manifested itself by a relief visible on the steel surface and increase in roughness, which was already reported in other work [33]. Small deposits can also form on the surface of the layers, which originate from cathodic sputtering of the active screen and to some extent, they can also contribute to an increase of surface roughness.…”

Section: Surface Roughnesssupporting

confidence: 66%

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Effect of Nitrided and Nitrocarburised Austenite on Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance of 316 LVM Steel Implants

et al. 2020

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Harmful lesions occur in the body around multielement stabilisers made of AISI 316 LVM (Low Vacuum Melted) steel, caused by products of pitting, fretting or crevice corrosion. Preventing the effect is possible by modifying the surface of the steel implants. Therefore, the goal of the paper is the comparison of the mechanical and physiochemical properties of plates for treating deformations of the anterior chest wall made of AISI 316 LVM steel, subjected to diffusion and sterilisation processes and exposed to Ringer’s solution. The surface of the implants was subjected to electrochemical polishing, chemical passivation and, in order to modify their properties, nitrocarburised and nitrided diffusion layers were created on selected stabilisers under glow discharge conditions with the use of an active screen at a temperature of 420 °C, over 60 min. The conducted studies involved the examination of the microstructure of the formed layers, surface roughness testing, analysis of contact angles and surface free energy, examination of resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion and examination of nanohardness. On the basis of the results of the conducted studies, it was established that the most advantageous set of properties after sterilisation and exposure to Ringer’s solution was displayed by implants with a formed diffusion nitrocarburised layer.

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Section: Surface Roughnesssupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Such a structure is the result of differences in the coefficients of nitrogen and carbon diffusion in austenite. Due to the smaller diameter and lesser affinity for chrome and iron, carbon diffuses in AISI 316 LVM steel easier than nitrogen [33,34].…”

Section: Layer Microstructure Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nitrided and Nitrocarburised Austenite on Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance of 316 LVM Steel Implants

et al. 2020

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“…The various physical techniques of surface treatment of austenitic steel were compared in Table 1 , taking into account the maximal hardness and averaging depths of the produced surface layers. The maximal hardness of laser-alloyed layers with boron (595–796 HV0.1) or with boron and selected metallic elements (675–911 HV0.1) ([ 60 ] and this work) was relatively low in comparison with the surface layers, produced on the austenitic stainless steel using other physical techniques such as LTPGN processes (572–2175 HV or 720–1100 HK at different loads) [ 2 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 23 ], LTPGNC process (962 HV) [ 7 ], HTPGN processes (1060–1340 HV) [ 3 , 5 , 14 , 15 ], LTPGC process (11–11.8 GPa) [ 26 ] or PPB process (28.093 GPa) [ 31 ]. Many hybrid treatments with the use of plasma processes also resulted in higher hardness of the fabricated surface layers, e.g., shot peening (SP) followed by LTPGN or sequential LTPGC and LTPGN (1615–1662 HV or 7.5–11.5 GPa, respectively) [ 17 , 19 ], cold spraying (CS) of 316L steel followed by LTPGN, LTPGC and LTPGNC processes or their various combinations (800–1350 HV) [ 21 ], LTPGN process followed by a multi-arc ion plating (MAIP) (2280 HV) [ 23 ] as well as TiN coatings produced by PVD technique (18.7–26 GPa) [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the only way to harden such a steel is via adequate surface treatment in order to produce hard and wear resistant surface layers. It is relatively easy using the physical techniques of surface treatment, especially if the surface is saturated with nitrogen, carbon or boron under glow discharge conditions [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. Such techniques are also called plasma or ion processes [ 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the experimental procedure of wear tests differed, including “block-on-ring” [ 2 , 3 , 31 , 52 , 60 ], “ball-on-disc” [ 5 , 15 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 38 , 53 , 62 ] as well as “pin-on-disc” [ 8 , 20 , 41 , 57 , 61 ] techniques. The tribological properties of the surface layers produced on the 316L steel were evaluated using various measured quantities, such as linear wear [ 2 ], volumetric wear [ 9 , 19 , 39 , 44 , 45 , 62 ], volumetric wear per unit of axial force and friction track (also called specific wear rate [ 7 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 35 , 40 , 54 , 61 ]), mass loss [ 8 , 41 ], relative mass loss [ 60 ], mass loss per unit of friction track (also called specific wear rate [ 53 ]), coefficient of friction (CoF) [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 16 , 37 , 41 , 54 , 57 ], percentage of the volume removed on carburized samples regarding the noncarburized material [ 26 ] or, finally, factor of mass wear intensity, i.e., mass loss per friction surface and unit of friction time during the stabilized wear […”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser Surface Alloying of Austenitic 316L Steel with Boron and Some Metallic Elements: Properties

Kulka

Mikołajczak²,

Dziarski

et al. 2021

Materials

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Austenitic 316L stainless steel is known for its good resistance to corrosion and oxidation. However, under conditions of appreciable mechanical wear, this steel had to demonstrate suitable wear protection. In this study, laser surface alloying with boron and some metallic elements was used in order to improve the hardness and wear behavior of this material. The microstructure was described in the previous paper in detail. The microhardness was measured using Vickers method. The “block-on-ring” technique was used in order to evaluate the wear resistance of laser-alloyed layers, whereas, the potentiodynamic method was applied to evaluate their corrosion behavior. The produced laser-alloyed layers consisted of hard ceramic phases (Fe2B, Cr2B, Ni2B or Ni3B borides) in a soft austenitic matrix. The significant increase in hardness and wear resistance was observed in the case of all the laser-alloyed layers in comparison to the untreated 316L steel. The predominant abrasive wear was accompanied by adhesive and oxidative wear evidenced by shallow grooves, adhesion craters and the presence of oxides. The corrosion resistance of laser-alloyed layers was not considerably diminished. The laser-alloyed layer with boron and nickel was the best in this regard, obtaining nearly the same corrosion behavior as the untreated 316L steel.

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The Microstructure and Properties of Carbon Thin Films on Nanobainitic Steel

Skołek

Meredyk

Tarnowski

et al. 2021

Metall Mater Trans A

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The aim of this study was to assess whether it is possible to produce a high adhesive carbon coating by applying low-temperature RFCVD and glow discharge methods on nanobainitic X37CrMoV5-1 steel with and without nitrided sublayer. For this purpose, several methods of investigation were used: observations of coating morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), analysis of bonds found in coatings (Raman spectroscopy), microhardness tests and adhesion of coatings (Scratch tests). Our research has shown that low-temperature RFCVD and glow discharge processes of nanobainitic X37CrMoV5-1 steel allow producing carbon coatings that can be described as hardened carbon coatings with very high hardness—> 2000 HV 0.25 in case of RFCVD processes and > 3300 HV 0.025 for glow discharge process and low friction coefficient—near 0.12 at 5 N load. However, the adhesion of produced coatings to the steel substrate strongly depends on the appropriate selection of the process parameters and on the proper preparation of the substrate before the deposition regarding the thermal stability of nanobainite.

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Influence of nitrided and nitrocarburised layers on the functional properties of nitrogen-doped soft carbon-based coatings deposited on 316L steel under DC glow-discharge conditions

Cited by 20 publications

References 37 publications

Effect of Nitrided and Nitrocarburised Austenite on Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance of 316 LVM Steel Implants

Effect of Nitrided and Nitrocarburised Austenite on Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance of 316 LVM Steel Implants

Laser Surface Alloying of Austenitic 316L Steel with Boron and Some Metallic Elements: Properties

The Microstructure and Properties of Carbon Thin Films on Nanobainitic Steel

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