Influence of modification of Ti₃C₂ MXene with ceramic oxide and noble metal nanoparticles on its antimicrobial properties and ecotoxicity towards selected algae and higher plants

Abstract

Schematic representation of the concept of present study. The flowchart shows the process of surface-modification of Ti3C2 MXene and the subsequent ecotoxicological analyses employed.

Filtration Materials Modified with 2D Nanocomposites—A New Perspective for Point-of-Use Water Treatment

“…Its presence indicated the formation of a homogeneous nanoflake nanodispersion. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) taken for a randomly chosen sheet of Ti 3 C 2 MXene revealed its characteristic multilayered 2D structure and agreed with works reported by Naguib et al [ 13 ], Jastrzębska et al [ 25 ], and Rozmysłowska-Wojciechowska et al [ 27 ]. The layered pattern was confirmed by fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and inverse fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) imaging, in which alternating layers of light and dark bands correspond to the stacking of several single Ti 3 C 2 monolayers together with increased spacing between them.…”

“…The zeta potentials measured correspond to the bacterial cells that remained in the filtrate samples. According to literature data, Ti 3 C 2 MXene, Al 2 O 3 , Ag, and Cu nanoparticles all contribute to negative zeta potentials in water, especially at alkaline pH [ 27 , 61 , 62 , 63 ]. Therefore, the release of nanocomponents was readily observed and yielded information regarding the instability of the material.…”

“…Membranes activated with MXenes helped eliminate bacterial cells from filtered water [ 16 , 22 ]. Surface modification with other nanoparticles such as nano-zinc, nano-titanium, nano-manganese, or nano-niobium improved the antimicrobial properties of MXenes [ 16 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. This research project developed an innovative 2D nanocomposite-modified material with potential application in the POU water treatment.…”

An Overview of Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Applications of the Transition Metal Carbide Nanomaterials

“…This effect reversed when the concentration was increased. However, the ecotoxicity depends upon the type of components along with the amount [ 35 ].…”

“…They and their derivatives can be used as adsorbents and catalysts for the removal of organic as well as inorganic pollutants from waste water [ 34 ]. Antimicrobial activity against different strains and ecotoxicity of MXenes has also been determined [ 35 ]. The unique chemistry of MXene allows its use towards oncological applications from cancer therapy to cancer imaging [ 36 ].…”