Influence of mineral content and composition on graylevels in backscattered electron images of bone

Skedros, John G.; Bloebaum, Roy D.; Bachus, Kent N.; Boyce, T. M.; Constantz, Brent R.

doi:10.1002/jbm.820270108

Cited by 112 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Well known is that the different mineral phases in a cement matrix exhibit different grey levels in the BSE images. Skedros et al (1993) and Ye (2003) demonstrated that the grey-scale level in BSE images corresponds to the average atomic number and mineral density of each phase. Based on these well-known dependencies and considering the BSE images obtained in the present study, the main mineral phases in both OPC and OPCv can be distinguished by the order of grey-scale intensity values as follows: UC > CH > HD CSH > LD CSH > pore structures.…”

Section: Capillary Pore Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Early Age Hydration, Microstructure and Micromechanical Properties of Cement Paste Modified with Polymeric Vesicles

Koleva

et al. 2013

ACT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The influence of limited concentration, of 0.025 wt.% per cement weight, poly (ethylene oxide) -block -polystyrene vesicles on the hydration process, microstructure and micromechanical properties of cement paste at early hydration age of maximum 7 days are discussed. Isothermal calorimetry and non-evaporable water content tests indicate that the admixed vesicles have no apparent influence on the process of cement hydration, but affect microstructural properties. Whereas nitrogen adsorption tests reveal that the gel pore structure of the vesicles-modified matrix is almost identical to the vesicles-free one, mercury intrusion porosimetry proves refined capillary porosity and reduced total porosity in the presence of admixed vesicles. Nano-indentation supports the above observations and indicates that the admixed vesicles act as nucleation sites, leading to a more uniform distribution of low density hydration products.

show abstract

Section: Capillary Pore Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Early Age Hydration, Microstructure and Micromechanical Properties of Cement Paste Modified with Polymeric Vesicles

Koleva

et al. 2013

ACT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Residual chloroform was removed by placing the specimens in an 80°C oven for 5 days. Following defatting and drying, each bone segment was weighed using a precision analytical balance (Mettler H51; Mettler Instruments Corp., Hightstown, NJ) and then placed in a furnace at 550°C for 24 hr to remove organic constituents (Gong et al, 1964;Skedros et al, 1993b). The bone specimens were weighed again after ashing.…”

Section: Mineral Standards/ash Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental confirmation of the sheep model for studying the role of calcified fibrocartilage in hip fractures and tendon attachments

Shea¹,

Hallows²,

Bloebaum³

2002

Anat. Rec.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research has shown that there is a dramatic increase in the fractional area of calcified fibrocartilage from tendon and capsular insertions on the human femoral neck Shea et al., 2001b). Additional information regarding the properties of the proximal femur's cortical shell, gained from the use of an animal model, may result in a better understanding of elderly hip fracture since the cortical shell is a significant contributor to the strength of the proximal femur. The objective of the present study was to determine if the greater trochanter's tendon insertions of the human, rat, and sheep differ in terms of morphology and mineralization. The tendons of the greater trochanter of the human, rat, and sheep were observed to insert via a fibrocartilage insertion. The mineral content of the human and sheep calcified fibrocartilage was significantly higher than that of the rat calcified fibrocartilage (P Ͻ 0.01). Additionally, the mineral content of the rat cortical bone was significantly higher than that of the human cortical bone (P Ͻ 0.01). The mineral content of the calcified fibrocartilage and bone of the human and sheep were not statistically different from each other. There were also more similarities between the bone structure and lacunae density of the human and sheep than between the human and the rat. This suggests that the tendon insertions of the sheep are a better model than the tendon insertions of the rat for the investigation of calcified fibrocartilage in elderly hip fractures.

show abstract

“…A comparison of mineralisation densities in bone at high spatial resolution can be performed by quantitative backscattered electron (BSE) image analysis in the scanning electron microscope (Boyde et al 1983 ;Skedros et al 1993 ;Boyde & Jones, 1996 ;Bloebaum et al 1997 ;Roschger et al 1997Roschger et al , 1998Kingsmill & Boyde, 1998). In addition to the mineralisation data, histological information is also provided by this method.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and mineralisation density of antler and pedicle bone in red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) exposed to different levels of environmental fluoride: a quantitative backscattered electron imaging study

Kierdorf¹,

Kierdorf²,

Boyde³

2000

Journal of Anatomy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The structure and relative degree of mineralisation of antler and pedicle bone of yearling red deer stags exposed either to low or high levels of environmental fluoride were determined by digital quantitative backscattered electron (BSE) imaging. Bone fluoride content (BFC) in antlers (845p86 mg F − \kg ash, arithmetic meanp...) and pedicles (1448p154 mg F − \kg ash) of deer from a highly fluoride polluted area in North Bohemia (Czech Republic) were significantly higher (P 0.001) than those of controls from uncontaminated regions in West Germany (antlers : 206p41, pedicles : 322p52 mg F − \kg ash). Mean (56.5p4.5 %) and maximum (84.9p2.1 %) mineralised bone area of the control antlers significantly (P 0.05 and P 0.001, respectively) exceeded the corresponding values for the N. Bohemian deer (43.3p1.3 and 73.3p1.9 %, respectively), while the pedicles from the 2 groups did not differ significantly. In the pooled antler samples (n l 18), negative correlations existed between BFC and mean (r s lk0.62, P 0.01) as well as maximum (r s l k0.69, P 0.01) mineralised bone area. Morphological imaging revealed a decreased width and an increased porosity of the antler cortex in the N. Bohemian specimens. Mean (148.5p1.7) and maximum (154.2p1.7) BSE-signal intensities (l grey levels ; range between a monobrominated (grey level 0) and a monoiodinated (grey level 255) dimethacrylate resin standard) of the antlers from the controls were significantly higher than those of the N. Bohemian deer (140.7p2.1 and 145.7p2.2, respectively ; P 0.05 for both comparisons). In the pooled antler samples, negative correlations between BFC and mean (r s lk0.51, P 0.05) as well as maximum (r s lk0.52, P 0.05) BSE-signal intensities were observed. No significant differences in mineralisation density parameters were found for the 2 pedicle samples, and BFC and mineralisation density of the pooled pedicles were uncorrelated. Morphological imaging revealed bone mottling (denoting increased remodelling activity) and frequent occurrence of apparently increased osteocyte lacunae in some of the pedicles from the N. Bohemian deer. It is concluded that the reduced amount of mineralised bone in, and the lower mineralisation density of, the N. Bohemian antlers resulted from a fluoride induced disturbance of bone mineralisation. The rapid growth of antlers leads both to a high mineral demand and a high rate of fluoride uptake during antlerogenesis. This, and the limited lifespan of antlers, which does not allow for a compensation of a delay in the onset or progression of the mineralisation process, renders antler bone particularly susceptible to fluoride. Antlers are therefore considered a useful model for studying fluoride effects on bone formation. Furthermore, analysis of cast antlers enables a noninvasive monitoring of environmental pollution by fluorides.

show abstract

Influence of mineral content and composition on graylevels in backscattered electron images of bone

Cited by 112 publications

References 22 publications

Early Age Hydration, Microstructure and Micromechanical Properties of Cement Paste Modified with Polymeric Vesicles

Early Age Hydration, Microstructure and Micromechanical Properties of Cement Paste Modified with Polymeric Vesicles

Experimental confirmation of the sheep model for studying the role of calcified fibrocartilage in hip fractures and tendon attachments

Structure and mineralisation density of antler and pedicle bone in red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) exposed to different levels of environmental fluoride: a quantitative backscattered electron imaging study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About