Influence of iron on fatty acid and sterol composition of marine phytoplankton and copepod consumers

Chen, Xi; Wakeham, Stuart G.; Fisher, Nicholas S.

doi:10.4319/lo.2011.56.2.0716

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Addition of 50% lipid μ-caps thus increased the ω3-HUFA content ca. 10-fold, from less than 1% to over 10%., which is even higher than found for most ω3-HUFA rich diatom cultures [46,47]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…By contrast, our study suggests that in up-welling systems such limitation of egg production may play a minor role, since the seston is generally rich in ω3-HUFA, especially EPA and DHA. Due to the sustained input of new nutrients into the euphotic zone that is characteristic of upwelling areas, nutrient saturated conditions of algae prevail, yielding algae that are nutritionally superior to those which are nutrient limited [46,47,48]. In addition, upwelling conditions favor the occurrence of diatoms [49,50], which are specifically rich in ω3-HUFA such as EPA [46,47].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the sustained input of new nutrients into the euphotic zone that is characteristic of upwelling areas, nutrient saturated conditions of algae prevail, yielding algae that are nutritionally superior to those which are nutrient limited [46,47,48]. In addition, upwelling conditions favor the occurrence of diatoms [49,50], which are specifically rich in ω3-HUFA such as EPA [46,47]. Thus, under upwelling conditions, levels of ω3-HUFA in the seston probably exceed those required by copepods, leading to limitation by protozoan and algal biomass [25] and permitting efficient carbon transfer between primary and secondary production [51] which further sustains high fish production [52,53].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioactive Compounds Offered in Microcapsules to Determine the Nutritional Value of Copepods’ Natural Diet

Müller-Navarra

Huntley

2013

Marine Drugs

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Experiments were performed, feeding Calanus pacificus seston and a food consisting of seston and microcapsules (μ-caps), i.e., protein and lipid μ-caps to test for potential biochemical limitation. Seston was collected off Scripps Pier (La Jolla, CA, USA). Whereas protein μ-caps were too small to be efficiently ingested, lipid μ-caps rich in ω3-highly-unsaturated fatty acids (ω3-HUFA) were ingested similarly to natural seston and lipids were assimilated. However, egg production experiments exhibited that animals fed with lipid μ-caps didn’t produce significantly more eggs than with seston of equal carbon concentration and egg production even declined when the diet consisted of 50% lipid μ-caps. Thus, the content of certain ω3-HUFA seemed to have been sufficiently high in seston to prevent limitation. Algal counts revealed that seston consisted mainly of plankton rich in those fatty acids, such as cryptophytes, dinoflagellates, diatoms, and ciliates in the edible size range. This might be characteristic for upwelling systems like the area off Southern California which are known for high trophic transfer efficiency.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioactive Compounds Offered in Microcapsules to Determine the Nutritional Value of Copepods’ Natural Diet

Müller-Navarra

Huntley

2013

Marine Drugs

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“…The percentage recoveries of arachidonic acid (20:4(n-6)) after incubation for one 234 hour both at 40 °C and 70 °C were in the range of the RSD. Other authors also reported 235 saponification of lipid extracts at 100 °C without noticeable effect on poly-unsaturated FA 236 quantification (Chen et al, 2011;Goutx et al, 2007). 237 2.6.2.…”

Section: Bulk Parameters: Bsio 2 Poc and Prokaryotic Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Fatty acids associated with the frustules of diatoms and their fate during degradation—A case study in Thalassiosira weissflogii

Suroy

Moriceau

Boutorh

et al. 2014

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

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12Diatoms are major actors in the export of organic carbon out of the euphotic zone. Yet, 13 the processes linking biogenic silica and carbon sedimentation fluxes to deep oceanic layers 14 remain unclear. Analysing organic fractions in biominerals is challenging because efficient 15 cleaning often led to structural alteration of organic molecules. Hence, although lipids are 16 widely used as biogeochemical markers in ocean flux study, few studies have dealt with the 17 lipids that are associated with frustules. In the present study, a protocol was set up to extract 18 and quantify the fatty acids associated to the frustule of the diatom species Thalassiosira 19 weissflogii. The protocol involves solvent extraction of diatom external lipids, followed by 20 clean frustule dissolution by 4% NaOH during 1h at 95°C and subsequent solvent re-21 extraction of frustule-associated lipids. Results confirmed that this protocol was efficient first, 22to isolate the frustule from the rest of the cellular organic carbon and second to extract and 23 quantify fatty acids (FA) associated to frustules of this species. FA composition of the 24 frustules was significantly different from that of the whole cells consisting primarily of 14:0, 25 34 Keywords: Frustule, Diatoms, Organic Carbon, Lipids, Carbon Export 35 36 Frustule isolation 132Pellet samples were resuspended in 40 ml milliQ water and were hot-sonicated at 70 133 °C for 5 min to fragment the cells (Fig. 1). Tubes were subsequently centrifuged at 5400 g for 134 40 min at 4 °C. The supernatants were removed, and this step was repeated once at lower 135

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“…phytoplankton have been identified in different phyla (Fabris et al, 2014;Villanueva et al, 2014;Volkman, 2016). It has been observed that sterol contents (per carbon contents or percentage of total sterols) in phytoplankton changed with temperatures (Vé ron et al, 1996;Piepho et al, 2012;Ding et al, 2019), pCO2 (Gordillo et al, 1998;Riebesell et al, 2000), nutrient availability (Piepho et al, 2010;Gordillo et al, 1998;Chen et al, 2011), and UV-C radiation (Ahmed and Schenk, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean-related global change alters lipid biomarker production in common marine phytoplankton

Bi¹,

Ismar-Rebitz²,

Sommer³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Global change concurrently alters multiple environmental factors, with uncertain consequences for marine ecosystems. Lipids, in their function as trophic markers in food webs and organic matter source indicators in water column and sediments, provide a tool for reconstructing the complexity of global change effects. It remains unclear how ongoing changes in multiple environmental drivers affect the production of key lipid biomarkers in marine phytoplankton. Here, we tested the responses of sterols, alkenones and fatty acids (FAs) in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, the cryptophyte Rhodomonas sp. and the haptophyte Emiliania huxleyi under a full-factorial combination of three temperatures (12, 18 and 24 °C), three N : P supply ratios (molar ratios 10 : 1, 24 : 1 and 63 : 1) and two pCO2 levels (560 and 2400 µatm) in semi-continuous culturing experiments. Overall, N and P deficiency had a stronger effect on per-cell contents of sterols, alkenones and FAs than warming and enhanced pCO2. Specifically, P deficiency caused an overall increase in biomarker production in most cases, while N deficiency, warming and high pCO2 caused non-systematic changes. Under future ocean scenarios, we predict an overall decrease in carbon-normalized contents of sterols and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in E. huxleyi and P. tricornutum, and a decrease in sterols but an increase in PUFAs in Rhodomonas sp. Variable contents of lipid biomarkers indicate a diverse carbon allocation between marine phytoplankton species in response to changing environments. Thus, it is necessary to consider the changes in key lipids and their consequences for food web dynamics and biogeochemical cycles, when predicting the influence of global change on marine ecosystems.

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Influence of iron on fatty acid and sterol composition of marine phytoplankton and copepod consumers

Cited by 25 publications

References 45 publications

Bioactive Compounds Offered in Microcapsules to Determine the Nutritional Value of Copepods’ Natural Diet

Bioactive Compounds Offered in Microcapsules to Determine the Nutritional Value of Copepods’ Natural Diet

Fatty acids associated with the frustules of diatoms and their fate during degradation—A case study in Thalassiosira weissflogii

Ocean-related global change alters lipid biomarker production in common marine phytoplankton

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