Influence of inlay yarn type and stacking sequence on mechanical performance of knitted uni-directional thermoplastic composite prepregs

Azam, Zeeshan; Jamshaid, Hafsa; Nawab, Yasir; Mishra, Rajesh; Müller, Miroslav; Chotěborský, R.; Kolář, Viktor; Tichý, Martin; Petrů, Michal

doi:10.1177/1528083720947727

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For tensile properties, tensile strength gives the in-plane mechanical behavior of composite materials [26]. Table 1 shows the result of the tensile test.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layering Effect on Mechanical, Thermal & Physical Properties Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyphenylene Sulfide

Hamdan

Razali

Hamid

et al. 2022

ARFMTS

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The application of thermoplastic composites (TPCs) in aircraft application is expanding. This paper presents a study of the effect of layering thickness of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyphenylene Sulfide, CF/PPS. There are 2 thickness of plies which are 6 plies and 8 plies of 1.90 mm and 2.52 mm respectively. To update, the aircraft is now ready to shift from thermoset to thermoplastics composite materials. In parallel to the technology, mechanical, thermal and physical properties of the advanced thermoplastic materials CF/PPS are to be determined. By having towards the behavior and properties, thus the incoming material CF/PPS data could be compared to the current nominal of epoxy thermoset structural for aircraft which is benefit to the aircraft industries purpose. In this study, it was found that, for mechanical properties, Tensile Strength, Flexural Modulus as well as Vickers Hardness recorded 6 plies higher value compared to 8 plies. While, Impact Strength, Interlaminar Shear Strength, (ILSS) and Compressive Strength shown that 8 plies obtained the superior reading compared to 6 plies. For physical properties, the density of 6 plies and 8 plies recorded 1.541 and 1.547 respectively. Content as a percentage of the initial mass of fibre, (%) recorded 6 plies was 58.397% while 8 plies was 58.235 %. Fibre content as a percentage of the initial volume, (%) recorded 6 plies was 50.838% while 8 plies was 50.885%. Void content as a percentage of the initial volume, (%) recorded 6 plies was 1.678% while 8 plies was 1.268%. While, for the thermal analysis, both samples of CF/PPS have good thermal stability material in aerospace applications as the weight for both plies CF/PPS are observed as the function of temperature (high heat energy applied). Glass Transition Temperature ( was 93.75°C for 6 plies while 8 plies recorded 93.94°C. Melting Temperature, recorded 283.68°C for 6 plies whereas 283.61°C for 8 plies. The morphological analysis under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) shows that 6 plies had a lot of fibre pull out compared to 8 plies thus agreed that impact strength was higher on 8 plies over 6 plies.

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“…For tensile properties, tensile strength gives the in-plane mechanical behavior of composite materials [26]. Table 1 shows the result of the tensile test.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layering Effect on Mechanical, Thermal & Physical Properties Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyphenylene Sulfide

Hamdan

Razali

Hamid

et al. 2022

ARFMTS

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“…The tensile strength of double stimuli layer composites was superior to single stimuli layer composites due to increased number of layers contributing to more tensile strength for double stimuli layer composites. 45 Tensile strength of specimens starts decreasing as inlay pattern moves from 3 × 1 to 6 × 1 and 9 × 1 in both single and double stimuli layer composites. Tensile modulus is the ratio of stress and strain, tensile modulus showed higher values for double stimuli layer composites as tensile strength was experienced higher for the specimens with less elongation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…44 The influence of inlay yarn and composites stacking sequence has been assessed on mechanical properties, statistically proving the significant effect of inlay yarns and stacking sequence on mechanical characteristics. 45 Flexural characteristics of natural fiber reinforced knitted composites have been evaluated, referring to tightly knitted structures as finest. 46 Base knitting fabric structures are proved influential in determining the tensile strength of weft knitted biaxial tubular fabrics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of knitted reinforced structures with self-diagnostic function for composite applications

Abbas

Ahmad

Zahid

et al. 2022

Journal of Industrial Textiles

Self Cite

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The research aims the development of knitted reinforcement structures for inducing self-diagnostic properties into knitted reinforced composites for structural health monitoring. Conductive carbon fiber was used in knitted inlaid structures as inlay yarns, and l × 1 Rib knitted base fabric of polyester filament yarn was used for knitting. The reinforcement’s conductive nature induced self-diagnostic properties into composites using correlation of mechanical damages and changes in electrical resistance values. Single and double stimuli layers and inlay patterns of 3 × 1, 6 × 1 and 9 × 1 was used to check their impact on self-diagnostic properties. Mechanical testing and real-time electrical resistance monitoring proved knitted structures as a solution to induce self-diagnostic properties into composite materials. Composites having double stimuli (conductive) layers exhibited better self-diagnostic properties than single stimuli layer composites, and the self-diagnostic properties also improved as the inlay pattern of reinforcement moved from 9 × 1 to 6 × 1 and 3 × 1 inlay. Such knitted reinforced self-diagnostic composites could be practically used in structural health monitoring applications, e.g., complicated structures of large buildings infrastructures and machinery which require record of each minor happening with structures to keep smooth and successful running of the system.

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“…Inlay knitting enables materials such as foam rods that usually cannot be knitted as part of the loops of the ground structure to be securely incorporated into the knitted fabric [ 18 ]. Its application can then be more widely used in the structural design of compression garments, buoyant swimwear, and sporting goods [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Thermal Behaviours of Weft-Knitted Spacer Fabric Structure with Inlays for Insole Applications

Yick

et al. 2022

Polymers

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Insoles provide resistance to ground reaction forces and comfort during walking. In this study, a novel weft-knitted spacer fabric structure with inlays for insoles is proposed which not only absorbs shock and resists pressure, but also allows heat dissipation for enhanced thermal comfort. The results show that the inlay density and spacer yarn increase compression resistance and reduce impact forces. The increased spacer yarn density provides better air permeability but reduces thermal resistance, while a lower inlay density with a random orientation reduces the evaporative resistance. The proposed structure has significantly positive implications for insole applications.

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Influence of inlay yarn type and stacking sequence on mechanical performance of knitted uni-directional thermoplastic composite prepregs

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Layering Effect on Mechanical, Thermal & Physical Properties Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyphenylene Sulfide

Layering Effect on Mechanical, Thermal & Physical Properties Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyphenylene Sulfide

Development of knitted reinforced structures with self-diagnostic function for composite applications

Mechanical and Thermal Behaviours of Weft-Knitted Spacer Fabric Structure with Inlays for Insole Applications

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