Influence of infection with Chlamydia trachomatis on pregnancy outcome, infant health and life-long sequelae in infected offspring

Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in Neonates

“…A suspected choriodecidual inflammation and histological chorioamnionitis can give a possible explanation for the mechanism that may lead to the premature rupture of amniotic membranes. Chorioamnionitis is frequently seen in the case of premature babies, but the role of chlamydial infection in subsequent respiratory insufficiency is yet to be determined (Blas et al, 2007;Givner et al, 1981;Mårdh, 2002;Numazaki, 2004;Rastogi et al, 1999Rastogi et al, , 2003Yoshida et al, 2000).…”

“…may spread chlamydiae to the infants. However rare this route of the infection may be, it should always be considered when investigating the source of neonatal infection (Mårdh, 2002).…”

“…Chlamydial etiology was proven in preterm infants suffering from severe acute respiratory distress within the first day of life, requiring mechanical ventillation and supplemental oxygen (Colarizi et al, 1996). It was documented being associated with chronic respiratory disease in premature infants as well, while the presence of specific IgM suggested intrauterine infections during late pregnancy (Mårdh, 2002;Numazaki et al, 1986Numazaki et al, , 2003. Since it occasionally has a serious impact on the fetus, prenatal C. trachomatis infection should be prevented by comprehensive screening programs during pregnancy.…”

“…Misdiagnosis or mistreatment with topical and/or inadequate medications will just facilitate the persistence of the disease. Due to the slowly progressive nature of the untreated condition, it can be only occasionally diagnosed in infants after two months of age (Mårdh, 2002;Rours et al, 2008).…”

Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection

“…Correct diagnosis of infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is essential as false negative results may have significant impact on societal health [9]. Chlamydial infections has been associated with a higher risk of acquiring HIV-1 infection [4,10] as well as cervical cancer [11] and adverse outcomes with pregnancy [12,13]. For these reasons, early correct diagnosis of infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is essential to prevent long-term sequelae associated with prolonged infection.…”