Influence of Hydrogen-Based Storage Systems on  Self-Consumption and Self-Sufficiency of  Residential Photovoltaic Systems

Pötzinger, Christian; Preißinger, Markus; Brüggemann, Dieter

doi:10.3390/en8088887

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Mulder et al [9] investigated seven Belgian households and showed that the optimal storage size (based on their own definition and given in kWh storage per annual PV electricity in MWh) was in the range of 0.4-1.5. Pötzinger et al [10] modeled a household PV system coupled with hydrogen storage in Germany and showed that for a PV installation of 8.6 kWp, 8 kWh of storage would increase PV electricity self-consumption by 35 percentage points. Several other studies have also presented results concerning self-consumption and self-sufficiency of PV-battery system for German and Belgian households, e.g., Linssen et al [11], Beck et al [12], Johann and Madlener [13], de Oliveira e Silva and Hendrick [14], Braun et al [15], and Schreiber and Hochloff [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar photovoltaic-battery systems in Swedish households – Self-consumption and self-sufficiency

et al. 2016

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This work investigates the extent to which domestic energy storage, in the form of batteries, can increase the self-consumption of electricity generated by a photovoltaic (PV) installation. The work uses real-world household energy consumption data (measurements) as the input to a household energy consumption model. The model maximizes household self-sufficiency, by minimizing the amount of electricity purchased from the grid, and thereby also maximizing the level of selfconsumption of PV electricity, i.e., the amount of PV-generated electricity that is consumed in-house. This is done for different combinations of PV installation sizes (measured in array-to-load ratio; ALR: ratio of the PV capacity to the average annual electric load of a household) and battery capacities for different categories of single-family dwellings in Sweden (i.e., northern latitudes). The modeling includes approximately 2000 households (buildings). The results show that the use of batteries with capacities within the investigated range, i.e., 0.15-100 kWh, can increase the level of self-consumption by a practical maximum of 20-50 percentage points (depending on the load profile of the household) compared to not using a battery. As an example, for a household with an annual electricity consumption of 20 MWh and a PV installation of 7 kWp,, this range in increased self-consumption of PV-generated electricity requires battery capacities in the range of 15-24 kWh (actual usable capacity), depending on the load profile of the specific household. The practical maximum range is determined by the seasonality of PV generation at Swedish latitudes, i.e., higher levels of increased self-consumption are possible, however, it would require substantially larger batteries than the up to 100 kWh investigated in this work. Thus, any additional marginal increment in battery capacity beyond the range investigated results in a low level of utilization and poor additional value. Furthermore, our results reveal that when a battery is used to store PVgenerated electricity in-house, self-sufficiency increases (as compared to not using a battery) by 12.5-30 percentage points for the upper range of the investigated PV capacities (ALR of 6).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar photovoltaic-battery systems in Swedish households – Self-consumption and self-sufficiency

et al. 2016

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“…Most studies in literature are based on artificial grid topologies [39], characteristic household loads [40], and simulated PV generation [41]. Instead, we apply real data for the low-voltage distribution grid topology, the household loads, and the distributed generation from photovoltaics to allow for results close to reality.…”

Section: Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Battery Storage Systems as Grid-Balancing Measure in Low-Voltage Distribution Grids with Distributed Generation

et al. 2017

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Due to the promoted integration of renewable sources, a further growth of strongly transient, distributed generation is expected. Thus, the existing electrical grid may reach its physical limits. To counteract this, and to fully exploit the viable potential of renewables, grid-balancing measures are crucial. In this work, battery storage systems are embedded in a grid simulation to evaluate their potential for grid balancing. The overall setup is based on a real, low-voltage distribution grid topology, real smart meter household load profiles, and real photovoltaics load data. An autonomous optimization routine, driven by a one-way communicated incentive, determines the prospective battery operation mode. Different battery positions and incentives are compared to evaluate their impact. The configurations incorporate a baseline simulation without storage, a single, central battery storage or multiple, distributed battery storages which together have the same power and capacity. The incentives address either market conditions, grid balancing, optimal photovoltaic utilization, load shifting, or self-consumption. Simulations show that grid-balancing incentives result in lowest peak-to-average power ratios, while maintaining negligible voltage changes in comparison to a reference case. Incentives reflecting market conditions for electricity generation, such as real-time pricing, negatively influence the power quality, especially with respect to the peak-to-average power ratio. A central, feed-in-tied storage performs better in terms of minimizing the voltage drop/rise and shows lower distribution losses, while distributed storages attached at nodes with electricity generation by photovoltaics achieve lower peak-to-average power ratios.

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“…Owing to the low ratio of electricity provided by the PV module to the electricity demand, only short‐term storage but no seasonal storage is possible for the MFH (see Table ). In the case of the SFH, the situation is more complex: there is the possibility of seasonal storage in addition to short‐term storage . The different design of the PV plant (a third relative to that of the MFH) in combination with the lower load demand (only a ninth relative to that of the MFH) enables an annual energy surplus and results in a considerably lower self‐consumption share (see Table ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic Evaluation and Carbon Footprint Analysis of the Application of Hydrogen‐Based Energy‐Storage Systems in Residential Buildings

et al. 2016

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This study represents a thermodynamic evaluation and carbon footprint analysis of the application of hydrogen‐based energy storage systems in residential buildings. In the system model, buildings are equipped with photovoltaic (PV) modules and a hydrogen storage system to conserve excess PV electricity from times with high solar irradiation to times with low solar irradiation. Short‐term storages enable a degree of self‐sufficiency of approximately 60 % for a single‐family house (SFH) [multifamily house (MFH): 38 %]. Emissions can be reduced by 40 % (SFH) (MFH: 30 %) compared to households without PV modules. These results are almost independent of the applied storage technology. For seasonal storage, the degree of self‐sufficiency ranges between 57 and 83 % (SFH). The emission reductions highly depend on the storage technology, as emissions caused by manufacturing the storage dominate the emission balance. Compressed gas or liquid organic hydrogen carriers are the best options, enabling emission reductions of 40 %.

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Influence of Hydrogen-Based Storage Systems on Self-Consumption and Self-Sufficiency of Residential Photovoltaic Systems

Cited by 16 publications

References 41 publications

Solar photovoltaic-battery systems in Swedish households – Self-consumption and self-sufficiency

Solar photovoltaic-battery systems in Swedish households – Self-consumption and self-sufficiency

Battery Storage Systems as Grid-Balancing Measure in Low-Voltage Distribution Grids with Distributed Generation

Thermodynamic Evaluation and Carbon Footprint Analysis of the Application of Hydrogen‐Based Energy‐Storage Systems in Residential Buildings

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