Influence of hydraulic loading rate and recirculation on oxygen transfer in a vertical flow constructed wetland

Decezaro, Samara Terezinha; Wolff, Delmira Beatriz; Pelissari, Catiane; Ramirez, Rolando; Formentini, Thiago Augusto; Goerck, Janaína; Rodrigues, Luiz Frederico; Sezerino, Pablo Heleno

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.057

Cited by 29 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…mV, Table 2) in both treatment wetlands as expected from VSSF TWs [44,45]. The removal of ammonium was achieved despite the reduction in bed depth of VF-M. Millot et al [46], working with VSSF TWs, showed that around 60% of ammonium was removed in the first 0.20 m of depth while 75% of ammonium was removed at 0.40 m. Similar results were achieved by Arias et al [47].…”

Section: Organic Matter Solids Phosphorus and Nitrogen Removalsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The almost complete removal of ammonium (>95%) transformed to nitrate ( Table 3 ) was achieved during the whole experiment time. This is, once again, the result of the prevalent aerobic conditions (ORP > +100 mV, Table 2 ) in both treatment wetlands as expected from VSSF TWs [ 44 , 45 ]. The removal of ammonium was achieved despite the reduction in bed depth of VF-M. Millot et al [ 46 ], working with VSSF TWs, showed that around 60% of ammonium was removed in the first 0.20 m of depth while 75% of ammonium was removed at 0.40 m. Similar results were achieved by Arias et al [ 47 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

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Evaluation of Bed Depth Reduction, Media Change, and Partial Saturation as Combined Strategies to Modify in Vertical Treatment Wetlands

Vera-Puerto

Valdés

Correa

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of vertical subsurface flow treatment wetlands (VSSF TWs) for treating rural domestic wastewater when strategies such as bed depth reduction and media change are used in combination with bottom saturation. Two treatment wetland systems were implemented: normal (VF-N), with a bed depth of 1.0 m, and modified (VF-M), with a bed depth of 0.5 m and a bottom layer of natural zeolite. Schoenoplectus californicus was used as experimental plant. These two treatment systems were operated at a hydraulic loading rate of 120 mm/d in two phases. Phase I did not use bottom saturation, while Phase II involved a bottom saturation of the zeolite layer of the VF-M system. The results show that bed depth reduction did not have a significant effect (p > 0.05) in terms of organic matter, solids, and ammonium removal. Conversely, it had a significant influence (p < 0.05) on phosphate as well as a negative effect on pathogen removal. This influence could be explained by initial media capacity for phosphorus removal and filtration importance in the case of pathogens. Partial saturation only had a positive influence on total nitrogen removal. The addition of a bottom layer of natural zeolite showed no positive effect on nutrient removal. The plant showed adaptation and positive development in both VF-N and VF-M. The water balance showed that water loss was not influenced by bed depth reduction. Therefore, according to the previous results, a combination of the proposal modifications to VSSF TWs can be introduced for treating rural domestic wastewater.

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Section: Organic Matter Solids Phosphorus and Nitrogen Removalsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Evaluation of Bed Depth Reduction, Media Change, and Partial Saturation as Combined Strategies to Modify in Vertical Treatment Wetlands

Vera-Puerto

Valdés

Correa

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…The almost complete removal of ammonium (>95%) transformed to nitrate was achieved during the whole experiment time for all treatment systems in both climate conditions. This is, once again, the result of the prevalent aerobic conditions (ORP > +100 mV, Table 2) in all TWs, as expected from VSSF TWs [10,52]. In addition, the average water temperatures between 20 • C and 25 • C, as registered in the effluents of all TWs in the two climate conditions (Table 2), favor the nitrification process because a temperature range between 16 • C and 32 • C is the favorable range for nitrification in TWs [25,53].…”

Section: Effluent Concentrations and Removal Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 69%

Performance Comparison of Vertical Flow Treatment Wetlands Planted with the Ornamental Plant Zantedeschia aethiopica Operated under Arid and Mediterranean Climate Conditions

Vera-Puerto

Escobar

Rebolledo

et al. 2021

Water

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This work compares the performance of vertical subsurface flow treatment wetlands (VSSF TWs) for wastewater treatment, planted with Zantedeschia aethiopica (Za), here operated simultaneously under two different climate conditions, arid and Mediterranean. The experimental setup was divided into two treatment lines for each climate condition: three VSSF TWs planted with Schoenplectus californicus (Sc) (VSSF-S), as the control, and three VSSF TWs planted with Zantedeschia aethiopica (Za) (VSSF-Z), as the experimental unit. The four treatment systems were operated at a hydraulic loading rate of 120 mm/d during spring and summer seasons, in two locations, Iquique (Atacama Desert, Chile) and Talca (Central Valley, Chile). The water quality in effluents, plant development, and water balance were used as performance measures. In terms of the water quality, the influents’ characteristics were similar in both climates and classified as “diluted”. For the effluents, in both climate conditions, average COD and TSS effluent concentrations were below 50 mg/L and 15 mg/L, respectively. In both climate conditions, average TN and TP effluent concentrations were below 40 mg/L and 2 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, only total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in effluents to VSSF-Z had a significant effect (p < 0.05) in relation to the climate condition. Regarding plant development, Za showed a lower height growth in both climate conditions, with arid consistently 0.3 m and Mediterranean decreasing from 0.6 m to 0.2 m. However, the physiological conditions of the leaves (measured by chlorophyll content) were not affected during operation time in both climates. Water balance showed that it was not influenced by the climate conditions or plant, with water loss differences below 5%. Therefore, taking into account the water quality and water balance results, Zantedeschia aethiopica can be used in VSSF TWs in a way similar to traditional plants under arid and Mediterranean climates. However, its use has to be carefully considered because lower height could affect the esthetics for its implementation in the VSSF TWs.

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“…Indeed, it has been demonstrated, in the same SSVFCW here studied, that the oxygen supply was sufficient for organic matter removal and nitrification [31]. Then, aerobic degradation of organic compounds via aerobic chemoheterotrophs with fast metabolic rate is very favorable [11].…”

Section: Efficiency Of the Wastewater Treatment Plantmentioning

confidence: 72%

Pollutants Removal in Sewage Wastewater Efficiency and Kinetic of Ammonia Nitrogen Removal through Subsurface Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands (SSVFCW)

Houndedjihou

Kodom

Wolff

et al. 2021

IRJPAC

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Aims: The removal of some pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD5), phosphate and some solids (total (TS), fixed (TFS) and volatile (TVS)) from sewage wastewater was investigated in vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SSVFCW). Study Design: The bed of the constructed wetland is composed of gravel and Canna indica is used as vegetation. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Federal University of Santa Maria, southern Brazil, under subtropical climate from June to September 2019. Methodology: Three kinds of samples of water collected (Raw, septic tank and outlet from the wetland) one time per week were analyzed according to American standards. Anions were analyzed by gas chromatography using 930 compact IC Flex Metrohm. Statistical analysis performed using ANOVA and U test of Mann-Whitneyto investigate the statistical difference were performed by STATISTICA and Origin software. Results: A total of 10 samples of each kind of water were collected and analyzed. In the conditions of this study, the removal percentage is 89.88, 88.00, 84.93, 84.62, 84.31, 72.94, 41.71, 15.63 respectively for COD, TKN, NH4+-N, TVS, BOD5, TS, TFS and PO43--P. Environment temperature, hydraulic retention time have an effect on the performance of the wetlands system. The effect of the contact time shows that adsorption process is a partway of ammonia nitrogen removal in the wetland. Among the three models of kinetic studied to describe the removal of ammonia nitrogen, Stover-Kincannon and second order models showed a better fit than the first order model. Conclusion: The nitrification and adsorption are the principal process of ammonia removal in the wetland. The plant has been found to be very efficient on the removal of ammonia nitrogen, TKN, COD, BOD5 while phosphate removal has been found too weak.

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Influence of hydraulic loading rate and recirculation on oxygen transfer in a vertical flow constructed wetland

Cited by 29 publications

References 30 publications

Evaluation of Bed Depth Reduction, Media Change, and Partial Saturation as Combined Strategies to Modify in Vertical Treatment Wetlands

Evaluation of Bed Depth Reduction, Media Change, and Partial Saturation as Combined Strategies to Modify in Vertical Treatment Wetlands

Performance Comparison of Vertical Flow Treatment Wetlands Planted with the Ornamental Plant Zantedeschia aethiopica Operated under Arid and Mediterranean Climate Conditions

Pollutants Removal in Sewage Wastewater Efficiency and Kinetic of Ammonia Nitrogen Removal through Subsurface Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands (SSVFCW)

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