Influence of High-Sulfur Cokes on Anode Performance in Alumina Reduction

Jones, S. S.; Hildebrandt, Ralf; Hedlund, M. C.

doi:10.1007/bf03354477

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Such treatment applied to petroleum coke per se, however, is impractical because of excessive energy costs and its inability to process large tonnages. Higher temperatures and shorter times, e.g., 2600-2900°F (1425-1595°C) for 45-60 minutes, can also remove 50% or more of the sulfur, but create a high degree of porosity and reduce real density (3,11,12,14,18,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27).…”

Section: Technology Of Sulfur Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petroleum-Coke Desulfurization

Brandt¹,

Kapner

1986

ACS Symposium Series

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Current and foreseeable future supplies of anode grade petroleum coke for the primary aluminum industry are subject to coker feedstock quality limitations, i.e., to higher levels of metallic impurities (V, Ni, Fe and Si) and increasing sulfur content.The presence of metals in coke directly affects refined aluminum quality, while sulfur, though tolerated by producers, causes environmental problems that appear to be on the edge of stringent federal regulations. Steadily rising coke sulfur levels have stimulated interest in removal methods. This paper briefly reviews the technology of petroleum coke desulfurization and the effects of sulfur removal processes on coke physical properties. A new thermal-chemical process is described which uses hydrogen sulfide as a gaseous reactant to remove coke sulfur after calcining.The process appears able to maintain high bulk and real coke densities by balanc ing reaction temperature and contact time and is suitable for new calciner construction as well as a relatively easy retrofit to existing calciners.

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Section: Technology Of Sulfur Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petroleum-Coke Desulfurization

Brandt¹,

Kapner

1986

ACS Symposium Series

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“…Prebaked anodes should finish the bake operation with about ten hours near a maximum temperature of 1000-1200 0 C, preferably 1150+ _50 0 C. It has been found that increasing bake finishing temperature from 1000 to 1200 0 C reduces net carbon consumption by about 0.2kg C/kg AI per tOODC (43). In the 900-10000C range, the rate is three times greater, and is essentially zero in the 1200-14000C range.…”

Section: Anode Manufacturementioning

confidence: 99%

99/02731 The influence of pitch quality on anode carbon gasification

Hussain¹

1999

Fuel and Energy Abstracts

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Optical and Electrochemical Characterisation of Carbon Anodes with Varying Porosity and Coke Quality

et al. 2022

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The performance of carbon anodes in aluminium production will depend on both the coke quality (impurities, structure) and the physical properties of the anode (density, permeability, electric resistivity). Here, a set of industrial anodes of different porosity and permeability, and a set of pilot scale anodes of different calcined petrol cokes (CPC) were evaluated with respect to the anode potential, voltage oscillations, and double layer capacitance. Electrochemical characterisation of anodes with different permeability showed that the voltage oscillations due to CO2 bubble formation on the horizontal anode surface was inversely correlated to the permeability, with the highest oscillations observed for dense anodes. Evaluating pilot scale anodes with different source CPC (1.4-5.5 wt% S), no significant differences were observed for the overpotential in the absence of bubbles. The anode made from isotropic coke showed a significantly higher double layer capacitance than the anisotropic anodes, indicating better wetting properties towards the electrolyte.

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Influence of High-Sulfur Cokes on Anode Performance in Alumina Reduction

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Petroleum-Coke Desulfurization

Petroleum-Coke Desulfurization

99/02731 The influence of pitch quality on anode carbon gasification

Optical and Electrochemical Characterisation of Carbon Anodes with Varying Porosity and Coke Quality

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