Influence of glutamine and vitamin E on the performance and the immune responses of broiler chickens

Sakamoto, Márcia Izumi; Murakami, A. E.; Silveira, Tgv; Fernandes, Jovanir Inês Müller; Oliveira, Cal de

doi:10.1590/s1516-635x2006000400007

Cited by 34 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…For instance, vitamin levels that have some effect on immune parameters usually do not affect others, such as skin cell response. Sakamoto et al (2006) observed higher cell proliferation feeding broilers with 10mg/kg vitamin E as compared to 500 mg/kg. Leshchinsky & Klasing (2001) did not observe any effect of 0 to 200mg/kg of vitamin E dietary levels on the CBH test, and Boa-Amponsem et al (2000) found lower reaction using 300mg/kg vitamin E as compared to 10mg/kg in rooster diets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…This test can be performed in birds of up to two weeks of age, according Stadecker et al, (1977) but other authors (Boa-Amponsen et al, 2000;Sakamoto et al 2006) have applied it in older birds. Corrier & Deloach (1990) used this method to evaluate the interdigital skin space between the toes of chickens as a skin-test site for eliciting CBH responses after the administration of dexamethasone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…concluded that the CBH test with PHA-P is a simple and fast method to evaluate of cell-mediated immunity in chickens. Sakamoto et al (2006) also used this method in 36-day-old chickens, whereas Boa-Amponsen et al (2000) used 90-day-old birds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of vitamin E levels on the cell-mediated immunity of broilers vaccinated against coccidiosis

Silva¹,

Ribeiro²,

Canal³

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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Studies on the relationships between animal nutrition and immunity have sought reliable methodologies to measure responses. Cellmediated immune response is similarly studied in humans. The cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity test (CBH) is one of the methods to measure that response and consists in the infiltration of inflammatory cells, particularly of lymphocytes and basophils, as result of the application of substances capable of inducing cell proliferation in determined sites, such as wings, wattle, and interdigital space in birds. CBH is considered a simple and fast method and can be applied in birds of different ages. In immunocompetence studies with poultry, phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) is a commonly used substance, despite the variability of the response related to the method of application (intradermal injection) and the antigens used. In the present experiment, PHA-P was used to observe the cell-mediated immune response of 216 chicks fed three dietary levels of vitamin E from 1 to 36 days of age. All birds were immunologically challenged by vaccination against coccidiosis at three days of age and against Newcastle Disease (NCD) at 14 and 30 days of age. At 36 days of age, birds were submitted to the CBH test according to the methodology of Corrier & DeLoach (1990). Birds fed 65mg/kg of vitamin E presented lasting cell reaction (p≤0.08), which indicates that this vitamin E level improved cell immune response of birds due to its antioxidant and immunomodulating properties. The use of this vitamin E level can be considered by nutritionists under practical conditions, aiming to improve broiler immunity. INTRODUCTIONIn studies with birds which objective is to evaluate the immune responses and in which nutrients are manipulated to enhance bird immunity, not only performance responses are used. As the immune system is very complex, and some parameters are influenced by related sub-systems, immune responses are also used. Cell-mediated immune response is one of that methodologies applied in this kind of research as an auxiliary tool.Cutaneous basophil hipersensitivity (CBH) test consists of an intradermal injection of phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) in the skin between the 3 rd and 4 th interdigital space of chickens, where the thymus-dependent reaction mediated by T cells is easy to analyze. This test can be performed in birds of up to two weeks of age, according Stadecker et al., (1977) but other authors (Boa-Amponsen et al., 2000;Sakamoto et al. 2006) have applied it in older birds. Corrier & Deloach (1990)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of vitamin E levels on the cell-mediated immunity of broilers vaccinated against coccidiosis

Silva¹,

Ribeiro²,

Canal³

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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“…Other authors confirmed this concept, reporting that the jejunum was the first segment influenced by dietary Gln, followed by the ileum, while the duodenum was less affected (Yanfen et al, 2006). On the other hand, Murakami et al (2006) observed greater development of the duodenum (segment with high enzyme activity), followed by the jejunum and the ileum. Additionally, the use of glutamine as substrate for gut cells may improve the production of some enzymes, such as maltase and sucrase, which improve nutrient hydrolysis and consequently absorption, and may enhance broiler growth rate (Sakamoto et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Therefore, it seems that beneficial results are achieved with L-Gln or L-Gln plus L-Glu supplementation during the entire production cycle of broilers. However, the impact of this supplementation is more evident during the starter phase, probably due to the development of the gut in these animals (Maiorka et al, 2002;Sakamoto et al, 2006;Murakami et al, 2007).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary L-Glutamine or L-Glutamine Plus L-Glutamic Acid Supplementation Programs on the Performance and Breast Meat Yield Uniformity of 42-d-Old Broilers

Jr¹,

Albino

Rostagno

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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This study aimed at evaluating four dietary L-Glutamine (L-Gln) or L-Gln plus L-Glutamate (L-Glu) supplementation programs on the performance, breast yield, and uniformity of broilers. A total of 2,112 one-d-old male Cobb 500 ® broilers were distributed according to a randomized block design in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement (L-Gln or L-Gln plus L-Glu × 4 supplementation programs), totaling eight treatments with 12 replicates of 22 broilers each. The supplementation programs consisted of the dietary inclusion or not of 0.4% of L-Gln or L-Gln plus L-Glu for four different periods: 0 days (negative control), 9d, 21d, and 42d. Feed intake (FI, g), body weight gain (BWG, g), feed conversion ratio (FCR, kg/kg), coefficient of variation of body weight (CV, %), body weight uniformity (UNIF, %), breast weight (BW, g), breast yield (BY, %), coefficient of variation of breast weight (CV B ), breast uniformity (UNIF B ), coefficient of variation of breast yield (CV BY ), and breast yield uniformity (UNIF BY ) were evaluated. Birds fed the diets treatments supplemented with L-Gln or L-Gln plus L-Glu for 9d presented 3% higher BWG (p<0.05) compared with the controls. The L-Gln or L-Gln plus L-Glu supplementation until broilers were 21 days old resulted in 14, 10, 16, and 12% improvements (p<0.05) in CV, UNIF, CV BY , UNIF BY , respectively. The supplementation of 0.4% L-Gln (L-Gln 99%) or L-Gln plus L-Glu (minimum 95%) to pre-starter and starter broiler diets is recommended to improve body weight gain and uniformity.

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Effect of high dietary levels of α-tocopherol acetate on immune response of light and heavy weight male broiler breeders

et al. 2018

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Influence of glutamine and vitamin E on the performance and the immune responses of broiler chickens

Cited by 34 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of vitamin E levels on the cell-mediated immunity of broilers vaccinated against coccidiosis

Effect of vitamin E levels on the cell-mediated immunity of broilers vaccinated against coccidiosis

Effects of Dietary L-Glutamine or L-Glutamine Plus L-Glutamic Acid Supplementation Programs on the Performance and Breast Meat Yield Uniformity of 42-d-Old Broilers

Effect of high dietary levels of α-tocopherol acetate on immune response of light and heavy weight male broiler breeders

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