Effects of Dietary L-Glutamine or L-Glutamine Plus L-Glutamic Acid Supplementation Programs on the Performance and Breast Meat Yield Uniformity of 42-d-Old Broilers

Abstract

This study aimed at evaluating four dietary L-Glutamine (L-Gln) or L-Gln plus L-Glutamate (L-Glu) supplementation programs on the performance, breast yield, and uniformity of broilers. A total of 2,112 one-d-old male Cobb 500 ® broilers were distributed according to a randomized block design in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement (L-Gln or L-Gln plus L-Glu × 4 supplementation programs), totaling eight treatments with 12 replicates of 22 broilers each. The supplementation programs consisted of the dietary inclusion or not of 0.4% of L-Gln or L-Gln plus L-Glu for four different periods: 0 days (negative control), 9d, 21d, and 42d. Feed intake (FI, g), body weight gain (BWG, g), feed conversion ratio (FCR, kg/kg), coefficient of variation of body weight (CV, %), body weight uniformity (UNIF, %), breast weight (BW, g), breast yield (BY, %), coefficient of variation of breast weight (CV B ), breast uniformity (UNIF B ), coefficient of variation of breast yield (CV BY ), and breast yield uniformity (UNIF BY ) were evaluated. Birds fed the diets treatments supplemented with L-Gln or L-Gln plus L-Glu for 9d presented 3% higher BWG (p<0.05) compared with the controls. The L-Gln or L-Gln plus L-Glu supplementation until broilers were 21 days old resulted in 14, 10, 16, and 12% improvements (p<0.05) in CV, UNIF, CV BY , UNIF BY , respectively. The supplementation of 0.4% L-Gln (L-Gln 99%) or L-Gln plus L-Glu (minimum 95%) to pre-starter and starter broiler diets is recommended to improve body weight gain and uniformity.

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“…Glutamine dietary supplementation decreases health problems, prevents intestinal atrophy, maintains antioxidant status, decreases incidence of diarrhea, resulting in increased weight gain and improved efficiency (Haynes et al, 2009;Zhong et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2014;Watford, 2015). Similar results have also been reported in broiler chicken (Nassiri Moghaddam and Alizadeh-Ghamsari, 2013;Jazideh et al, 2014;Nascimento et al, 2014;Manvailer et al, 2015;Muro et al, 2015;Olubodun et al, 2015;Ribeiro Jr et al, 2015;Luquetti et al, 2016;Maiorka et al, 2016;Namroud et al, 2017).…”

The potential of glutamine supplementation in reduced-crude protein diets for chicken-meat production

“…(2014) 3 Not stated 228 and 200 g/kg CP 18 to 39 d post-hatch Glutamine at 5 g/kg decreased weight gain by 1.62% (548 vs. 557 g/bird) Glutamine at 5 g/kg compromised FCR by 2.17% (1.88 vs. 1.84) Luquetti et al. (2016) Maize-soy diets 220 g/kg CP 1 to 28 d post-hatch Glutamine at 10 g/kg decreased weight gain by 0.52% (1331 vs. 1338 g/bird) Glutamine at 10 g/kg improved FCR by 1.36% (1.45 vs. 1.47) Ribeiro et al. (2015) Maize-sorghum-soy diets 244, 221, and 185 g/kg CP 1 to 42 d post-hatch Glutamine at 4.0 g/kg increased weight gain by 4.50% (2556 vs. 2446 g/bird) Glutamine at 4.0 g/kg improved FCR by 2.53% (1.659 vs. 1.702) Namroud et al.…”

Suplementación alimenticia de glutamina sobre el desempeño productivo en pollos de engorde

“…Se ejecutaron dos meta-análisis a partir de un total de 22 artículos científicos (1814 animales). (Avellaneda et al, 2008;Ayazi, 2014;Bartell & Batal, 2007;Dai et al, 2009;Dai et al, 2011;Fasina et al, 2010;Hu et al, 2016;Jazideh et al, 2014;Luquetti et al, 2016;Maiorka et al, 2016;Manvailer et al, 2015;Murakami et al, 2007;Muro et al, 2015;Mussini et al, 2012;Namroud et al, 2017;Nascimento et al, 2014;Nassiri Moghaddam & Alizadeh-Ghamsari, 2013;Olubodun et al, 2015;Ribeiro et al, 2015;Sakamoto et al, 2011;Soltan, 2009;Zavarize et al, 2011). Para explicar la heterogeneidad entre los estudios se realizaron meta-regresiones utilizando como covariables: nivel de inclusión de Gln (%), edad de inicio de suplementación (días), edad de evaluación (días), duración de la suplementación (días), número de repeticiones por tratamiento, número de pollos muestreados por unidad experimental (repetición), nivel de lisina (%) y proteína cruda en la dieta (%).…”