Influence of functionalized molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) with triazine derivatives on the thermal stability and flame retardancy of intumescent Poly(lactic acid) system

Xu, Lingfeng; Tan, Xinwen; Xu, Ruijie; Xie, Jia; Lei, Caihong

doi:10.1002/pc.25032

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…6. The fracture surface of VER is smooth indicating brittle failure happened in bending tests 29 . However, ductile fracture was found for the VER/PEPABFR and VER/DOPOBFR systems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Enhanced mechanical and flame retardancy properties of vinyl ester resin systems with the synthesis of two flame retardants with vinyl group

Zhang

2020

Polymer International

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Two PEPA-based (PEPABFR) and DOPO-based (DOPOBFR) flame retardants with vinyl groups were synthesized successfully via 1-oxyphospha-4-hydroxymethyl-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (PEPA) or 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO) with isocyanoethyl methacrylate using a one-pot method. Their structures were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared, 1 H NMR and 31 P NMR spectroscopies and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The mechanical performance, thermal properties and flame retardant performance of systems with 15 wt% synthetic flame retardants were investigated using bending tests, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurements and cone calorimeter tests. The results show that the bending strength and flexural modulus are improved significantly. The LOI increases to 29.3% and 30.7% with incorporation to 15 wt% PEPABFR and 15% wt % DOPOBFR from the 20.3% corresponding to pure vinyl ester resin (VER). The peak heat release rate decreases by 16.9% and 39.3% and total heat release decreases by 20.1% and 36.4% for VER/PEPABFR and VER/DOPOBFR systems. Furthermore, the flame retardancy mechanism of the flame retardants was studied using thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

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“…6. The fracture surface of VER is smooth indicating brittle failure happened in bending tests 29 . However, ductile fracture was found for the VER/PEPABFR and VER/DOPOBFR systems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The fracture surface of VER is smooth indicating brittle failure happened in bending tests. 29 However, ductile fracture was found for the VER/PEPABFR and VER/DOPOBFR systems. The fracture surfaces are rough and irregular suggesting a stronger force between flame retardant and resin.…”

Section: Mechanical Performance Of Ver Systemsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Enhanced mechanical and flame retardancy properties of vinyl ester resin systems with the synthesis of two flame retardants with vinyl group

Zhang

2020

Polymer International

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“…In recent years, the improvement of flame retardancy without sacrificing the mechanical properties of PLA has been studied extensively by researchers 15,18–23 . Below is a summary of three major ways of enhancing mechanical properties of flame‐retardant PLA: Toughening agentsAdding the toughening agents, such as thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), 24 polyethylene glycol (PEG), 25 castable polyurethane elastomer (CPU), 26 PA‐HDA (synthesized from phytic acid and 1,6‐hexanediamine), crosslinking polyurethane (CPU) 27 and plasticizer‐poly(propylene glycol) 28 to improve the mechanical property of PLA are the most common methods. Song 29 and Yang 30 used the biodegradable material polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the plasticizer to improve the mechanical properties of PLA composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of crosslinking network structures by addingZnOandADRin intumescent flame retardantPLAcomposites

Chen

et al. 2021

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Different proportion of nano zinc oxide (nano ZnO) and chain extender (ADR) were combined with the intumescent flame retardant and then added into the PLA matrix. The thermal stability, flame retardant performance, and mechanical properties were studied. The gel content results showed that crosslinking structures were obtained after the addition of nano ZnO and ADR, which were generated by the catalytic chain scission effect of nano ZnO and chain extension effect of ADR. With addition of 1% nano ZnO and 1.6% ADR, the gel content of flame retardant PLA composite reached the highest value (14.2%). Meanwhile, the corresponding flame retardant PLA composite with 1% nano ZnO and 1.6% ADR, named FRPLA/ZnO/ADR‐1, exhibited an overall improved properties including the flame retardant properties and mechanical performance, which passed the UL94 V‐0 level with a limiting oxygen index value of 40.1%. Compared to FRPLA (flame retardant PLA without ZnO and ADR), the peak heat release rate and the total smoke production of FRPLA/ZnO/ADR‐1were reduced by 60% and 67% respectively, and the final mass improved from 12% to 38%. In addition, the tensile strength and elongation at break of FRPLA/ZnO/ADR‐1 increased by 25%, 14% compared with that of FRPLA. The impact strength was 15.1 kJ/m2, which is similar to the pure PLA (15.6 kJ/m2). It indicated that the addition of nano ZnO and ADR could balance the flame retardant performance and the mechanical properties of the flame retardant PLA.

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“…Tawaih et al reported that the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) of PLA composites could be reduced by 76.5% and 76.9%, respectively, with 2 wt% of sodium metaborate intercalated azo‐boron/reduced graphene oxide hybrids . Xu et al functionalized molybdenum disulfide with melamine‐cyanuric acid (MoS 2 @MCA) . The results revealed that the limited oxygen index (LOI) of the PLA composites could increase up to 29.8% and rate V‐0 level in UL‐94 test with 3 wt% MoS 2 @MCA and 9 wt% traditional intumescent flame retardant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effect of flame retardants and graphitic carbon nitride on flame retardancy of polylactide composites

Cao

Chi

Deng

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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In order to improve the flame retardant of polylactide (PLA), the synergistic effect of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) with commercial-available flame retardants melamine pyrophosphate (MPP) and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) was investigated. The PLA composites containing 5 wt% g-C 3 N 4 and 10 wt% DOPO had a highest limited oxygen index (LOI) value of 29.5% and reached the V-0 rating of UL-94 test. The cone calorimeter tests exhibited that DOPO had a better synergistic effect with g-C 3 N 4 than MPP to improve flame retardancy of PLA. The peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) of PLA composites containing 10 wt% DOPO could be reduced by 25.2% and 23.6%, respectively, as compared with those of pure PLA. The presence of rich phosphorus element and aromatic groups in DOPO contributed to obtain continuous compact char layer and increase the graphitization level of char residues, thereby, resulting in improving the flame retardancy of PLA together with g-C 3 N 4 . In addition, the incorporation of DOPO can serve as a plasticizer to reduce the complex viscosity, improving the processability of PLA composites. K E Y W O R D S flame retardancy, graphitic carbon nitride, polylactide 1 | INTRODUCTION Bio-based and biodegradable polymers have received considerable attention during the last decade due to the growing environmental pollution and the shortage of petroleum resources. Polylactide (PLA),one of the commercial biodegradable polyesters, exhibits superior mechanical property, biodegradability, and easy processability. 1,2 It has a variety of potential applications, such as packaging, fishery, electronics, and automobile components. 3-5 However, the intrinsic poor thermal resistance and high combustibility of PLA restrict its further applications. To address the aforementioned challenges, many researches have demonstrated that the incorporation of twodimensional nanofiller is a simple and effective way to enhance thermal stability and flame retardant performance of PLA. It is widely acknowledged that the combination of the dispersed two-dimensional nanofiller with additive-type flame retardants can dramatically inhibit the oxidation reactions and/or pyrolytic reactions during the combustion. Tawaih et al reported that the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) of PLA composites could be reduced by 76.5% and 76.9%, respectively, with 2 wt% of sodium metaborate

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Influence of functionalized molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) with triazine derivatives on the thermal stability and flame retardancy of intumescent Poly(lactic acid) system

Cited by 23 publications

References 48 publications

Enhanced mechanical and flame retardancy properties of vinyl ester resin systems with the synthesis of two flame retardants with vinyl group

Enhanced mechanical and flame retardancy properties of vinyl ester resin systems with the synthesis of two flame retardants with vinyl group

Construction of crosslinking network structures by addingZnOandADRin intumescent flame retardantPLAcomposites

Synergistic effect of flame retardants and graphitic carbon nitride on flame retardancy of polylactide composites

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Influence of functionalized molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) with triazine derivatives on the thermal stability and flame retardancy of intumescent Poly(lactic acid) system

Cited by 23 publications

References 48 publications

Enhanced mechanical and flame retardancy properties of vinyl ester resin systems with the synthesis of two flame retardants with vinyl group

Enhanced mechanical and flame retardancy properties of vinyl ester resin systems with the synthesis of two flame retardants with vinyl group

Construction of crosslinking network structures by addingZnOandADRin intumescent flame retardantPLAcomposites

Synergistic effect of flame retardants and graphitic carbon nitride on flame retardancy of polylactide composites

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Influence of functionalized molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) with triazine derivatives on the thermal stability and flame retardancy of intumescent Poly(lactic acid) system