Influence of Fruit and Vegetable Intake on Satiety and Energy Intake: A Review

Abstract

Fruit and vegetable are the natural foods that contained various nutrients vital for good health and help in weight loss by suppressing an individual's appetite. Therefore, this review aimed to investigate the acute effect of fruit and vegetable intake on satiety and energy intake. We included randomized controlled trial or experimental designs measuring fruit and/or vegetable intake on satiety using subjective appetite rating and appetite related hormone and energy intake among healthy adults, published in English-language. The use of extract, powder form or concentrated fruit and/or vegetable and animal study were excluded. Twelve studies were identified from Pubmed, Science Direct and Cochrane from the year 1995 to August 2017, consists of six studies on fruit and six studies on vegetable. This review discussed the preload of fruit and vegetable in promoting satiety and reducing the energy intake. Manipulating energy density rather than portion size was effective in reducing total energy intake and promotes satiety. Fruit and vegetable in solid form had a greater satiety effect and significantly reduce energy intake compared to liquid or pureed form. The variation in time interval between fruit and/or vegetable intake and the test meal may also account a significant effect on satiety up to 2 h and diminished 3 h onward. The satiety effect of fruit and vegetable would be beneficial in body weight management.

Impact of a Web-Based Nutrition Intervention on Eating Behaviors and Body Size Preoccupations among Adolescents

“…To the best of our knowledge, no previous research has examined this topic, making these findings novel and unique in the current literature. Moreover, the observation that boys who participated in Team Nutriathlon tended to decrease their susceptibility to hunger in response to the intervention aligns with previous research indicating that the consumption of vegetables/fruits and dairy products may promote satiety, which could potentially explain the decrease in susceptibility to hunger [34,35]. Notably, having a lower susceptibility to hunger is beneficial, as studies have shown that a higher susceptibility to hunger is a significant predictor of overweight/obesity and weight gain [12].…”

“…Still, interestingly, the intervention group showed a trend toward a greater decrease in perceived susceptibility for hunger compared to the control group in boys [36]. Given that this effect may prevent overconsumption/favor a healthy body weight trajectory [34], these findings support the relevance of interventions promoting healthy eating habits.…”

Motivators and barriers of ulam consumption among residents from low-cost housing areas in Kuala Lumpur

“…Ulam is consumed not only because of its nutritional benefits but also because of its taste, which adds flavours and textures to the food (You et al, 2018). A mixture of taste from ulam in complement with other main meals can increase consumers' appetite (Abdul Hakim et al, 2018). However, a recent study also found that the strong taste and smell of ulam caused unpleasant experiences in some participants, thus becoming an obstacle or barrier to ulam intake (Awang et al, 2020).…”

“…, 2018). A mixture of taste from ulam in complement with other main meals can increase consumers' appetite (Abdul Hakim et al. , 2018).…”