Influence of foliar chemical compounds on the development of Spodoptera litura (Fab.) in interspecific derivatives of groundnut

Abstract

Tobacco armyworm, Spodoptera litura (Fab), a polyphagous insect, is an important pest of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L). It is one of the insect pests which had developed resistance to insecticides. Currently there are no cultivars of groundnut which express high level of resistance to S. litura. Wild species of groundnut, which show high levels of resistance, have been identified. Arachis kempff-mercadoi is one such wild species, which is reported to be resistant to S. litura, and indicated that in wild species three flavonoids chlorogenic acid, quercetin and rutin are involved in the components of resistance. In the present study, although these flavonoids had an effect on larval mortality, statistical analysis revealed that quercetin had a major effect due to high correlation of quercetin with chlorogenic acid and rutin. Interspecific derivatives were obtained as a result of crossing cultivated groundnut with A. kempff-mercadoi. In vitro studies showed high percentage of neonate larval mortality when fed on the foliage of interspecific derivatives, majority of interspecific derivatives were detrimental to larval development and had considerable effect on its subsequent progeny. Resistant derivatives were found to have high levels of flavonoids and antibiosis mechanism prevented larval growth. Susceptible derivatives and the female parent, A. hypogaea have low levels of flavonoids.

Phenolic compounds in black currant leaves – an interaction between the plant and foliar diseases?

“…In groundnut, quercetin and its glycoside rutin were related to larval mortality of the tobacco armyworm (syn. oriental leaf worm) Spodoptera litura (Mallikarjuna et al 2004). Similarly, it has been reported that the presence of some preformed antifungal compounds, such as catechin and epicatechin, proved to be responsible for resistance against gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) in strawberries (Terry et al 2004).…”

NMR Metabolomics of Thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) Resistance in Senecio Hybrids

“…CGA has been described as an anti-feedant and digestibility reducer in different caterpillar species (Mallikarjuna et al 2004;Johnson and Felton 2001;Simmonds and Stevenson 2001) and sucking insects such as aphids (Miles and Oertli 1993). FQA has been implicated in the resistance of sucking herbivores such as cereal aphids (Cabrera et al 1995;Havlickova et al 1996) and cereal midges (Ding et al 2000;Abdel-Aal et al 2001).…”

Identification of Chlorogenic Acid as a Resistance Factor for Thrips in Chrysanthemum

“…This leads to a reduced bioavailability of amino acids and a decreased digestibility of dietary proteins (Felton et al, 1989(Felton et al, , 1991. This negative effect on herbivores has primarily been shown for caterpillars in vitro (Bernays et al, 2000;Beninger et al, 2004) and in vivo (Elliger et al, 1981;Huang and Renwick, 1995;Mallikarjuna et al, 2004). In addition a harmful effect of chlorogenic acid has been shown for different leaf beetles (Fulcher et al, 1998;Ikonen, et al, 2002;Jassbi, 2003) as well as for a leafhopper (Dowd and Vega, 1996) and for aphids (Miles and Oertli, 1993).…”