Influence of Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid and Liquorice Root Extract on Growth, Volatile Oil Yield Productivity and Antimicrobial Activity in Geranium (Pelargonium Graveolens L. Her.) Plants

Abstract

This work was carried out during the two successive seasons (2019/2020 and 2020/2021) in the Experimental Farm of Horticulture Research Station at Sids, Beni-Suef Governorate, to investigate the effect of foliar application of gibberellic acid (GA3) at 100, 200 and 300 ppm and spraying of two extractions of liquorice root (aqueous LRE at 5 and 10 g/l and ethanolic LRE at 5 and 10 g/l) and their interaction on the vegetative growth (plant height, number of branches, herb fresh weight per plant and per feddan), volatile oil productivity (oil %, yield per plant and per feddan), total chlorophyll and total carbohydrates, NPK percentages, as well as antimicrobial activity of geranium plants. Obtained results revealed that the best vegetative growth characteristics, volatile oil productivity, total chlorophyll and carbohydrates were obtained due to the use of the high dose (300 ppm) and medium dose (200 ppm) of gibberellic acid with no significant differences between them. Concerning liquorice root extract treatments, all of the prementioned growth parameters, oil yield and chemical traits were considerably augmented due to the high dose of aqueous LRE at 10 g/l treatment followed by ethanolic LRE at 10 g/l, while LRE aqu. at 5 g/l gave the least values. In regard to the interaction between the two studied factors, the highest growth, yield and chemical composition values were given by GA3 at 200 or 300 ppm in combination with LRE aqu. at 10 g/l. Overall, the most powerful antimicrobial activity was recorded of the combination treatment in the two geranium cuts. Therefore, it could be advised from the economical and environmental point of view, to supply geranium plants with GA3 at 200 ppm and LRE aqu. at 10 g/l to improve the volatile oil yield and the antimicrobial activity.

Impact of Planting Distances and Natural Plant Extracts on Vegetative Growth, Chemical Constituents and Oil Productivity on Thyme Plant

“…While nitrogen, phosphorus , potassium and total carbohydrates percentage the lowest values of these parameters by planting distances (20*20 cm) and F1 in two cuts and in second seasons. Also, the abovementioned data on Chemical composition are met with those attained by Khater et al (2020) on caraway plant, found that aloe extract produced the highest All, Chemical constituents, (Abdel-Mola et al 2022) on Pelargonium Graveolens, found that total carbohydrate, NPK increased with licorice extracts LRE. Hasan and Kader (2022) on Punica granatum interaction between NPK, and Licorice extracts led to significant increase, and gave the highest value of leaves content of nitrogen, phosphor and potassium.…”

“…While the lowest values of these treatment scored by between planting distances (20*20 cm) and F1 in the two cuts and in both seasons. Also, the abovementioned results are met with those attained by, (Khater et al 2020) on Pelargonium Graveolens, found that with aloe extract produced the highest oil yield and oil percentage, Abdel-Mola et al (2022) on Carum Carvi, parameters on oil yield was augmented due to the high dose with aqueous LRE, Toaima et al (2022) on Ocimum basilicum L. Hassan (2023) on Carum carvi, licorice extract gave the highest, ratio of carvone, and limonene.…”

“…It can be using as a growth stimulant. El-Gohary et al (2021) on Cynara cardunculus extracts of licorice roots had positive effects on growth and yield, Abdel-Mola et al (2022) on Pelargonium graveolens concerning liquorice extract treatments, on vegetative growth were augmented due to aqueous LRE, Saleem and Saeid (2023) on Brassica oleracea led the foliar spraying of Licorice roots extract to increase of the attributes vegetative growth, The abovementioned results on the planting distance are met with those recorded by (Mohamed et al 2023) on Artemisia annua, the best was applying the planting spacing (40*40 cm), to improve the vegetative growth and Nurzyńska-Wierdak et al (2023) on Melissa officinalis, they stated that planting distance (40 x 40cm) improved the vegetative growth, a better planting than (30 x 30cm).…”

Influence of Planting Date and Growth Stimulants on Growth and Chemical Compositions of Euphorbia milii Plant

“…In addition, the highest values of these parameters were recorded using the cotreatment between planting date (autumn) and T4 in the two seasons. Osman and Sewedan (2014) on Solidago canadensis, Sorour and El-Shanhorey (2016) on Dracaena marginata., Mohamed (2017) on aster , Elsadek et al (2020) on Codiaeum Variegatum L. , andAbdel-Mola et al (2022) on Pelargonium graveolens L., Reda et al, (2010) on chamomile plant , EL-Nemr (2018) on Dendranthema grandiflorium cvs., El-Kinany, et al (2019) on Gaillardia pulchella and . Abou El-Ghait, et al (2020) on Jasminum sambac plant cleared that the richest leaf nitrogen and phosphorus percentages were obtained by those treated with BA at 60 ppm + mineral fertilization at 6 g/pot in both seasons.…”