Influence of Flocculating Agents and Structural Vehicles on the Physical Stability and Rheological Behavior of Nitrofurantoin Suspension

Aim: Ayurveda describes herbal or polyherbal or herbo-mineral medicines such as Avipattikar churna for treatment of Amlapitta, ajirna for centuries. Ayurvedic medicines are associated with limitations namely, palatability, stability and accuracy of dose. Ayurvedic medicines lack in adequate safety and efficacy evidence data. The aim of the study was to develop a stable and palatable Avipattikar suspension using recent formulation and analytical techniques. The study was also aimed at determination of acid neutralizing capacity of Avipattikar suspension and predicting its efficacy for treatment of Functional Dyspepsia and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disorder. Methods: Flocculated Avipattikar suspension was prepared using sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as the suspending agent, sodium citrate as the flocculating agent, mannitol as a taste masking agent. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium citrate, Tween 80®, glycerin and mannitol were not used in Deflocculated Avipattikar suspension. The sedimentation volume, degree of flocculation, redispersibility and pH of the suspension was evaluated. The acid neutralization capacity of Avipattikar suspension was determined by Unite States Pharmacopoeia method. Results: The present study successfully demonstrated formulation of stable Avipattikar suspension from Avipattikar churna. The suspendability of sediment was retained for 15 days in presence of CMC. The results indicated that the acid neutralizing capacity of Avipattikar suspension (2.80 mMol of H+/ gm) was similar to that of the marketed antacid suspension (2.756 mMol of H+/ gm). The unpleasant taste of herbal drugs was masked satisfactorily. Conclusion: Avipattikar suspension may be a cheaper, safer and effective alternative for current antacids for the treatment of functional dyspepsia.

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“…The number of rotations (N) needed for complete redispersion was recorded. Redispersion was evaluated by visual observation [19].…”

Section: Degree Of Flocculation β = F / F∞mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Antacid Potential of Ayurvedic Poly-Herbal Formulation for Functional Dyspepsia

Kulkarni¹,

Pandit²,

Walke³

et al. 2021

JOCAMR

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“…Flocculation is a physical and chemical process used for the removal of the visible sediments and material from water which makes it a colloidal solution. This can be achieved through agitation or by the addition of flocculating agents [8]. Chemical flocculants include clarifying agents such as Iron (II) sulphate, Aluminium sulphate, and Iron (II) chloride in water treatment which results in the formation of colloids [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Effects of Conventional and Non-Conventional Flocculants and Disinfectants on Microbial Contaminants in Water Purification

Omiyale

Ekundayo

2019

JAMB

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This work compares the effect of alum, a conventional flocculant to the bioflocculant isolated from Bacillus subtilis and Moringa oleifera seed powder (non conventional bioflocculants) and chlorine as disinfectant on microbial contaminants in water purification. Bioflocculant was purified from the sand sediments of Onyearugbulem market, jar test method was used in bioflocculating activity and dosage. Bioflocculant purified from Bacillus subtilis isolated from the sediments of Onyearugbulem market stream inhibited the growth of coliform for well, stream and abattoir waste water samples. On the other hand, alum sulfate when compared with bioflocculant at a dosage level of 200 mg for well and stream waters and 800 mg for abattoir waste water yielded flocculating activities of 87.33%, 78.42% and 24.60%. This indicates that purified bioflocculant was more effective than alum sulphate. Bioflocculant produced from Bacillus subtilis should be exploited in water treatment. Moringa oleifera seed powder exhibited both flocculating and disinfecting potentials in water treatment but not effective in the treatment of abattoir waste water.

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“…It can also be described as a physical and chemical process used for the removal of the visible sediments and material from water which makes it a colloidal solution. Flocculation can be carried out through agitation or by the addition of flocculating agents [2]. Bioflocculants are microorganism-produced special natural inorganic macromolecule substances that can flocculate suspended solids, cells, colloidal solids etc [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flocculating Properties of a Bioflocculant Purified from Bacillus Subtilis Isolated from the Stream Sediments of Onyearugbulem Market, Akure, Nigeria

Ekundayo

Omiyale

Omomo

2019

MRJI

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Soil samples (sediments of stream, its bank and abattoir soil) were collected from Onyearugbulem market abattoir, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Bacteria were isolated from the above soil samples by dilution and pour plate methods. Screening for best bioflocculating bacteria was also performed. Effects of metal ions (such as Mg2+, Ca2+ and Al3+), temperature and pH on flocculating activities of the bioflocculant were also determined. Six bacterial isolates producing flocculating substances were isolated and the isolate with the best flocculating property was selected. The identified bioflocculant producing bacteria are Bacillus anthracis, B. subtilis, B. thuringiensis, B. cereus, Streptomyces griseus and S. somaliensis. The best bioflocculant producing bacterium was Bacillus subtilis and the flocculating activity of its bioflocculant was stimulated in the presence of Mg2+, Ca2+and Al3+. This bioflocculant was thermostable and retained more than 80% of its flocculating activity after being heated at 100ºC for 25 minutes. It had the highest flocculating activity of 85% at pH 6 with optimum bioflocculant dosage of 0.8 mL. This study suggests soil samples from Onyearugbulem market abattoir as a potential source of bioflocculant-producing bacteria with good bioflocculating properties.

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Influence of Flocculating Agents and Structural Vehicles on the Physical Stability and Rheological Behavior of Nitrofurantoin Suspension

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Evaluation of Antacid Potential of Ayurvedic Poly-Herbal Formulation for Functional Dyspepsia

Evaluation of Antacid Potential of Ayurvedic Poly-Herbal Formulation for Functional Dyspepsia

Comparative Effects of Conventional and Non-Conventional Flocculants and Disinfectants on Microbial Contaminants in Water Purification

Flocculating Properties of a Bioflocculant Purified from Bacillus Subtilis Isolated from the Stream Sediments of Onyearugbulem Market, Akure, Nigeria

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