Influence of fireworks emission on aerosol aging process at lower troposphere and associated health risks in an urban region of eastern central India

Mahilang, Mithlesh; Deb, Manas Kanti; Nirmalkar, Jayant; Pervez, Shamsh

doi:10.1016/j.apr.2020.04.009

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…During haze episodes, the total non-cancer risks (HIs) of the toxic elements for children and adults were 4.37 and 1.87, respectively, both of which exceeded the US EPA limit of 1.00. The HIs calculated in this study were relatively higher than those reported during haze episodes in other cities in China ( Li et al, 2016 ; Lin et al, 2020 ), Malaysia ( Sulong et al, 2017 ), India ( Mahilang et al, 2020 ), and Singapore ( Betha et al, 2014 ; Huang et al, 2016 ). The HI for children was 2.3 times that for adults during the haze episodes, indicating that children were a high non-cancer risk group.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 76%

Potential health risks of inhaled toxic elements and risk sources during different COVID-19 lockdown stages in Linfen, China

Wang

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2021

Environmental Pollution

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Levels of toxic elements in ambient PM 2.5 were measured from 29 October 2019 to 30 March 2020 in Linfen, China, to assess the health risks they posed and to identify critical risk sources during different periods of the COVID-19 lockdown and haze episodes using positive matrix factorization (PMF) and a health-risk assessment model. The mean PM 2.5 concentration during the study period was 145 μg/m 3 , and the 10 investigated toxic elements accounted for 0.31% of the PM 2.5 mass. The total non-cancer risk (HI) and total cancer risk (TCR) of the selected toxic elements exceed the US EPA limits for children and adults. The HI for children was 2.3 times that for adults for all periods, which is likely due to the high inhalation rate per unit body weight for children. While the TCR for adults was 1.7 times that of children, which is mainly attributed to potential longer exposure duration for adults. The HI and TCR of the toxic elements during full lockdown were reduced by 66% and 58%, respectively, compared to their pre-lockdown levels. The HI and TCR were primarily attributable to Mn and As, respectively. Health risks during haze episodes were significantly higher than the average levels during COVID-19 lockdowns, though the HI and TCR of the selected toxic elements during full-lockdown haze episodes were 68% and 17% lower, respectively, than were the levels during pre-lockdown haze episodes. During the study period, fugitive dust and steel-related smelting were the highest contributors to HI and TCR, respectively, and decreased in these emission sources contributed the most to the lower health risks observed during the full lockdown. There, the control of these sources is critical to effectively reduce public health risks.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 76%

Potential health risks of inhaled toxic elements and risk sources during different COVID-19 lockdown stages in Linfen, China

Wang

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2021

Environmental Pollution

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“…The mean value of EC inhalation dose reported at the two sites in Chiang Mai province of Thailand was 92.0 ± 26.0 µg and 123.0 ± 56.0 µg (Pani et al, 2019), which were signi cantly lower than the current study. In another study in Raipur, India, the EC inhalation dose reported at the three sites was 31.0 ± 7.7 µg, 87.6 ± 74.5 µg, and 76.8 ± 19.5 µg (Mahilang et al, 2020). It was also signi cantly lower than in the present study.…”

Section: Effective Carbon Ratio (Ecr)contrasting

confidence: 79%

“…As a result, the health of the residents of Lahore in both winter and summer needs special attention. Recently, public health and air quality emerged as a challenging issue due to the particles with a wide range of constituents emitted from various sources (Mahilang et al, 2020). According to a UNICEF statistical report, approximately 0.6 million children die yearly in developing countries due to poor air quality (UNICEF, 2016).…”

Section: Effective Carbon Ratio (Ecr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics, sources, and exposure risk of the carbonaceous species of PM2.5 in Lahore, Pakistan

Ahmad

Chen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Samples of PM2.5 are collected and analyzed in the urban areas of Lahore, Pakistan, during the sampling periods of the winter and summertime. The mass concentrations of PM2.5 and its carbonaceous species (OC and EC) show a significant variation during both sampling periods. The mean OC concentration in winter and summertime are 50.7 ± 30.5 µg/m3, and 14.6 ± 5.6 µg/m3, whereas EC concentrations are 26.5 ± 18.0 µg/m3 and 8.6 ± 3.4 µg/m3, respectively. In the winter and summertime, the OC/EC average ratios reported are 2.1 and 1.9, respectively. There is a strong OC-EC correlation in the wintertime, indicating that they have a common source. The weak OC-EC correlation in the summertime is attributed to increased biogenic emissions and secondary organic aerosol formation through photochemical processes. Secondary organic carbon (SOC) contributes 16.7% of organic carbon in the winter and 22.6% in the summertime sampling. The exposure risk of EC is estimated based on inhalation dose. The higher exposure risk of EC inhalation in winter can adversely affect human health. According to principal component analysis (PCA), the major sources of the carbonaceous species of PM2.5 at Lahore included vehicle emission, secondary organic aerosol formation, emissions from combustion sources, and dust. The potential source contribution function (PSCF) and trajectory cluster analysis also demonstrated that the high concentrations of PM2.5 and its carbonaceous species in Lahore resulted from regional and local pollution sources.

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“…Season-wise inhalation dose of EC was observed in the sequence of winter (240 µg) > postmonsoon (151 µg) > summer (71 µg) > monsoon (47 µg). Mahilang et al [101] have observed the exposure of high value of inhalation dose of EC released in the ambient air during the firework activities. Dhaini et al [102] have also reported the high death rate and mortality rate of 7.8-10% due to exposure to increased concentration of EC.…”

Section: Estimation Of Exposure Risk To Ecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation of carbonaceous species in PM1 measured over residential area of Delhi, India

Singh

Srivastava

2020

SN Appl. Sci.

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Influence of fireworks emission on aerosol aging process at lower troposphere and associated health risks in an urban region of eastern central India

Cited by 23 publications

References 94 publications

Potential health risks of inhaled toxic elements and risk sources during different COVID-19 lockdown stages in Linfen, China

Potential health risks of inhaled toxic elements and risk sources during different COVID-19 lockdown stages in Linfen, China

Characteristics, sources, and exposure risk of the carbonaceous species of PM2.5 in Lahore, Pakistan

Seasonal variation of carbonaceous species in PM1 measured over residential area of Delhi, India

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