Influence of Extra-Root Nutrition on Bioenergetic Productivity of Corn Grain

Abstract

Maize is a crop with a high yield potential and depends on technologies adapted to the conditions of the region. To form a high yield, the crop needs a balanced diet. One of the most effective means of influencing the yield and quality of corn grain is the application of mineral fertilizers. Foliar fertilization of corn crops can be an effective agronomic measure to stimulatephysiological processes under the influence of growth regulators on the development of corn in the initial stages, providing plants with trace elements during the growing season. Studies have shown that the growth of the leaf surface of plants of maize hybrids increased significantly with the growth and development of plants and reached maximum values before the flowering phase, followed by a slight decrease in the area of the leaf apparatus in subsequent growing seasons. The highest indicators of leaf surface area were observed in the areas where growth stimulant Regoplant and microfertilizer Chelatin Zinc were applied foliarly in the phase of 3-5 leaves of corn. Thus, the leaf area of the middle-early hybrid of maize DKS 3795 was 0,429 m2/plant, which is more than in the control plots by 0,026 m2/plant. Accordingly, the leaf area of the medium-ripe hybrid DKS-3511 was at the level of 0,467 m2/per plant, which is greater than the control plots by 0,035 m2/per plant. One of the ways to increase the efficiency of energy use in the production of crop products is to optimize technological methods and increase the yield per unit area. Energy analysis, which is a concentrated expression of the law of conservation and conversion of energy, allows you to compare energy consumption and energy content (receipt) in the harvest. Energy costs for growing maize hybrid 3511 for grain in control areas (without treatment with drugs) increased to 58,75 GJ, with the introduction of microfertilizers and growth regulators to 70,52 – 75,31 GJ. The energy coefficient was highest in the areas where plant growth stimulant Regoplant and microfertilizer Chelatin Zinc were applied – 1,94.