Effectiveness of Herbicides in Corn Agrocenoses

Abstract

Maize is one of the least competitive crops with weeds in its crops, so cultivated plants can lose their productivity potential most during the initial stages of growth and development. The critical period of the impact of weeds on corn is 40–50 days, it lasts from germination to the shedding of panicles - flowering. Counting weeds on the experimental sites on average over two years of research showed that the number of grass and dicotyledonous weeds was within 159 pcs./m2. Application of Astral + Kideka herbicides at rates (0.9 l/ha + 1.1 l/ha) in the phase of 3-5 leaves of corn in combination with the biopreparation Agrinos B showed that the level of weediness, compared to the control without herbicides, decreased by 73.6% 30 days after application of the drugs, and by 99.3% during the period of corn harvesting. The number of weeds in the control plots of the experiment (without application of herbicides) for the period of corn grain harvesting was within 142 pieces/ha, and the air-dry weight was equal to 3207 g/m2, while in the areas where herbicides were applied, the air-dry weight was 19-130 g/m2. Reduction to control in the range of 96.0-99.4%. The highest rates of corn grain yield were noted in the areas where the tank mixture of Astral + Kideka herbicides was applied, at the rate of application of 0.9 l/ha + 1.1 l/ha + Agrinos B, at the rate of consumption of 1.0 l/ha in the phase of 3-5 leaves of corn. In these areas, on average, over two years of research, the yield of corn grain was within 7.03 t/ha, which is 4.79 t/ha or 213.8% more than the control areas. The use of tank mixtures of herbicides and biological preparations is an economically beneficial measure. In addition, the dose of chemical preparations is reduced, which helps to reduce the pesticide load on the environment.