Influence of Environmental Changes Due to Altitude on Performance, Fuel Consumption and Emissions of a Naturally Aspirated Diesel Engine

Abstract

The present study shows the effects of environmental conditions (atmospheric temperature, pressure and relative humidity) due to altitude changes on performance, fuel consumption and emissions in a naturally aspirated diesel engine. Due to changes in altitude, the atmospheric conditions are altered, mainly the air density, associated to hydrostatic pressure, temperature profile and humidity and relative nitrogen/oxygen ratio, thus modifying the engine intake conditions. The study considers changes in altitude from sea level to 2500 m above sea level, which are representative of the orographic conditions in Ecuador. As a main part of this research, a parametric study of variation of atmospheric temperature, pressure and relative humidity is carried out in AVL BOOST™, showing the effects on mean effective pressure, fuel consumption and specific pollutant emissions (CO2, NOx, CO and soot). The study considers effects at regional level (change from an altitude to another) and local level (changes in the atmospheric conditions due to local anticyclone or storm, temperature and humidity). The quantitative effects are expressed in the form of sensitivity coefficients, e.g., relative change in an engine output variable due to the change in atmospheric pressure, temperature or humidity. In addition, several global correlations have been obtained to provide analytical expressions to summarize all results obtained, showing the separate effect of pressure and temperature on each engine performance variable.

The local knowledge and potential of suweg (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius) in the Citanduy and Cimanuk watersheds of West Java, Indonesia

“…Suweg is found in several ecological conditions, such as multiple altitudes, open and canopied land, and growing with different plants. Various altitudes will affect air temperature, humidity, rainfall, number of rainy days, oxygen level, light intensity, and soil characteristics (Ohmura 2012;Al-Ahmadi and Al-Ahmadi 2013;Ceballos et al 2021). Suweg has a growing environment with a diverse range (Yuzammi et al 2017).…”

Plateau PEMS emission characteristics analysis of heavy-duty diesel vehicles with different technical routes

“…Meanwhile the thermal load increased, which challenges the cooling capability of turbocharger and engine. Zhao et al [5] and Ceballos et al [6] found that the power, fuel consumption and emissions of turbocharged inter-cooler diesel engines have deteriorated to a certain extent as the altitude rises.…”