Influence of Environment and Stage of Growth on Honey Mesquite (<i>Prosopis glandulosa</i>) Response to Herbicides

Meyer, Robert E.; Bovey, R. W.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500066844

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Generally, however, moisture stress did not influence the penetration and absorption of various herbicides in a Downloaded by [Univ of Louisiana at Lafayette] at 01:59 28 December 2014 number of plants, but did negatively affect their translocation (Ahmadi, Haderlie & Wicks, 1980;Meyer, Hanson & Dye, 1983;Meyer & Bovey 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Season of application and glyphosate formulation as factors influencing the efficacy of glyphosate on phyllode-bearing Australian acacias

Pieterse

McDermott²

1994

South African Journal of Plant and Soil

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Invasive phyllode-bearing Australian acacias are more difficult to control chemically than true-leaved acacias. Indications were that season of application influenced the efficacy of herbicides when used against these plants. In this experiment two formulations of glyphosate (with low and high surfactant concentrations) were applied in four different seasons (sprin~, late. sU.n:'mer, winter and ~arly su.mmer) at four different app!ica!ion rates (720, 1440, 2160 and 2880 9 ha-). A significant (P .;; 0.001) Interaction between season of application, formulation and application rate was found. Significant differences between treatments could only be found in the late summer applications, i.e. after a long, dry spell. Application of glyphosate in the late summer required a dose rate of 2880 9 ha-' of the high surfactant formulation for satisfactory control (> 90%), whereas in other seasons 720 and 1440 9 ha-' of the low surfactant glyphosate formulation controlled the plants satisfactorily. It is therefore advisable not to apply glyphosate to these plants during the hot dry summers of the winter rainfall area in the south-western Cape.Australiese fillode-draende akasias is indringerplante wat moeiliker beheerbaar is met chemikaliee as akasias met ware blare. Daar was aanduidings dat seisoen van toediening die effektiwiteit van onkruiddoders teen die plante beinvloed. In hierdie eksperiment is twee glifosaat formulasies (met hoe en lae benattingsmiddel konsentrasies) in vier verskillende seisoene (Iente, laatsomer, winter en vroegsomer) teen vier verskillende' dosisse (720, 1440, 2160 en 2880 9 ha-') toegedien. 'n Betekenisvolle (P .;; 0.001) interaksie tussen seisoen van toediening, formulasie en dosis is waargeneem. Slegs met die laatsomer toediening, d.w.s. na 'n lang, droa tydperk, is betekenisvolle verskille verkry tussen verskillende glifosaat formulasies en toedieningsdosisse. Tydens die laatsomer toediening was 'n dosis van 2880 9 ha-' van die formulasie met die hoe konsentrasie benattingsmiddel nodig vir bevredigende beheer (> 90%) terwyl 720 en 1440 9 ha-' van die glifosaatformulasie met 'n lae -konsentrasie benattingsmiddel in die ander seisoene bevredigende beheer gegee het. Dit is dus nie raadsaam om glifosaat aan hierdie tipe plante toe te dien tydens die warm droe somers van die winterreenstreek van die Suidwes Kaap nie.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Season of application and glyphosate formulation as factors influencing the efficacy of glyphosate on phyllode-bearing Australian acacias

Pieterse

McDermott²

1994

South African Journal of Plant and Soil

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“…Clopyralid applied alone as a foliar spray is the most effective herbicide for late summer or fall treatment, provided there is sufficient leaf cover to intercept and absorb the herbicide (Meyer and Bovey 1986, Bovey and Meyer 1987. When control of honey mesquite was obtained in fall applications (Meyer and Bovey 1986). clopyralid concentrations were high in upper and basal stem phloem and xylem (Bovey et al 1986).…”

Section: Honey Mesquitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mortality was very low in all herbicide treatments at location 3 but defoliation prior to spraying increased mortality if treated with clopyralid plus triclopyr. Typically clopyralid and especially triclopyr decline in effectiveness on honey mesquite in mid-to late July compared to earlier treatments (Meyer and Bovey 1986). Herbicide efficacy in late summer on honey mesquite is related to a less favorable growth environment and initiation of senescence (Meyer et al 1971).…”

Section: Greenhouse Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hand Defoliation on Herbicide Efficacy in Honey Mesquite

Bovey¹,

Pace²,

Cralle³

1998

Journal of Range Management

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Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of hand defoliation of honey mesquite (Prosopis glandu-Iosu Tot-r) before herbicide application on herbicide efficacy. In the greenhouse, the monoethanolamine salt of clopyralid, the butoxyethyl ester of triclopyr, and 1: 1 mixtures of clopyralid plus triclopyr were applied as foliar sprays at 140 g ha" each on 2year-old single-stemmed plants averaging 50 cm tall. In the field, the same. herbicides were applied as broadcast sprays at rates of 280 g ha-' on multistemmed trees 1 to 2 m tall. Plants were defoliated prior to herbicide application at 0,25, and 50% of original foliage. Defoliation at 25 or 50 % did not reduce herbicide effkacy compared to nondefoliated plants in the greenhouse or field. The clopyralid:triclopyr mixture was sometimes synergistic in controlling honey mesquite in the greenhouse and field.

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“…High v.p.d. is known to restrict photosynthesis and stomatal conductance of water vapour (Turner 1984 ), and the translocation of both glyphosate and picloram follows the movement of photoassimilates (Meyer & Bovey 1986;Klevorn & Wyse 1984). Herbicide efficacy has also been related to maximum daily photosynthesis (Meyer et al 1983).…”

Section: E Calophylla Trees Injected With Picloram + Triclopyr ( P+ T)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil water deficits, as predicted by soil dryness index (Mount 1972, Burrows 1987, were related to mortality of E. marginata and E. calophylla trees. This is not surprising as plant water stress, or soil water deficit, prior to the application of glyphosate, is known to reduce the activity of the herbicide (Ahmadi et al 1980;Klevorn & Wyse 1984;Meyer & Bovey 1986). However, we found atmospheric water deficits to be more strongly related to mortality.…”

Section: E Calophylla Trees Injected With Picloram + Triclopyr ( P+ T)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality ofEucalyptus marginata(jarrah) andE. calophylla(marri) trees following stem injection: effects of herbicide, dose, season, and spacing of injections

Whitford¹,

Stoneman²,

Freeman³

et al. 1995

Australian Forestry

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Mortalities of Eucalyptus marginata Donn ex Smith (jarrah) and E. calophylla R.Br. (marri) trees injected with Roundup™ (360 g glyphosate 1· 1 ) or Tordon Timber Control™ (50 g picloram 1· 1 and 100 g triclopyr 1" 1 ) (P+ T) were determined at doses of 5 to 80 grams of active ingredient (g.a.i.) m· 2 of stem basal area for glyphosate, and 2 to 40 g.a.i. m· 2 for P+ T. The effect of spacing of injections around the tree bole was examined. Seasonal variation in mortality was examined in relation to atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (v.p.d.) and soil water deficits.Glyphosate was more effective in killing E. marginata trees, whereas P+ T tended to be more effective in killing E. calophylla trees. The optimum doses of glyphosate and P+ T for E. marginata trees were 20 g.a.i. m· 2 and 15 g.a.i. m· 2 respectively, and for E. calophylla 80 g.a.i. m· 2 and 15 g.a.i. m· 2 respectively. Spacing of injections around the circumference of the tree did not have a significant effect on the mortality of E. marginata trees injected with glyphosate. However, mortality of E. calophylla trees injected with P+ T declined from 89% at 10-15 em spacing to 70% at 25-50 em spacing.There were strong seasonal effects with both herbicides and in both species, with mortality higher (70-90% mortality) in seasons other than summer (30-50% mortality). For E. marginata trees injected with glyphosate, mortality declined linearly with increasing v.p.d., from 95% at a v.p.d. of 0.5 kPa, to 25% at 4.5 kPa. For E. calophylla trees injected with P+ T, mortality declined linearly with increasing v.p.d., from 85% mortality at a v.p.d. of 0.5 kPa, to 50% at 3.0 kPa. Stem injection of both species should only be carried out when the vapour pressure deficit on the day prior to stem injection is less than 1.5 kPa.

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Influence of Environment and Stage of Growth on Honey Mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) Response to Herbicides

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Season of application and glyphosate formulation as factors influencing the efficacy of glyphosate on phyllode-bearing Australian acacias

Season of application and glyphosate formulation as factors influencing the efficacy of glyphosate on phyllode-bearing Australian acacias

Effect of Hand Defoliation on Herbicide Efficacy in Honey Mesquite

Mortality ofEucalyptus marginata(jarrah) andE. calophylla(marri) trees following stem injection: effects of herbicide, dose, season, and spacing of injections

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