Influence of endocrine and chemical factors on glucagon-induced thermogenesis in brown adipocytes.

Yahata, Takehiro; Kuroshima, Akihiro

doi:10.2170/jjphysiol.32.303

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Recently, indirect calorimetry measurements in obese, non-diabetic individuals showed that glucagon infusion alone or in combination with GLP-1 is able to increase resting energy expenditure ( 138 ) . These thermogenic effects have been associated with direct actions on brown adipose tissue due to increased oxygen consumption, metabolism and heat production in both in vitro and in vivo experiments ( 139 – 141 ) . Additionally, chronic glucagon administration in rats increases the mass of brown adipose tissue as well as its thermogenic capacity and fatty acid uptake ( 142 ) .…”

Section: Actions Of Glucagon On Nutrient Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient regulation of glucagon secretion: involvement in metabolism and diabetes

et al. 2014

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Glucose homeostasis is precisely regulated by glucagon and insulin, which are released by pancreatic a-and b-cells, respectively. While b-cells have been the focus of intense research, less is known about a-cell function and the actions of glucagon. In recent years, the study of this endocrine cell type has experienced a renewed drive. The present review contains a summary of established concepts as well as new information about the regulation of a-cells by glucose, amino acids, fatty acids and other nutrients, focusing especially on glucagon release, glucagon synthesis and a-cell survival. We have also discussed the role of glucagon in glucose homeostasis and in energy and lipid metabolism as well as its potential as a modulator of food intake and body weight. In addition to the well-established action on the liver, we discuss the effects of glucagon in other organs, where the glucagon receptor is expressed. These tissues include the heart, kidneys, adipose tissue, brain, small intestine and the gustatory epithelium. Alterations in a-cell function and abnormal glucagon concentrations are present in diabetes and are thought to aggravate the hyperglycaemic state of diabetic patients. In this respect, several experimental approaches in diabetic models have shown important beneficial results in improving hyperglycaemia after the modulation of glucagon secretion or action. Moreover, glucagon receptor agonism has also been used as a therapeutic strategy to treat obesity.

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Section: Actions Of Glucagon On Nutrient Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient regulation of glucagon secretion: involvement in metabolism and diabetes

et al. 2014

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“…1 Heat production has previously been measured using bulk cells. [2][3][4][5] The bulk thermogenic activity of BFCs is estimated to be 3.4 μJ per cell per h and a few nanowatts (nW) per cell. 3 Bulk cell measurements show the average activity of 10 5 -10 6 cells, and obtaining the activity of a typical single cell is impossible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly sensitive thermometer using a vacuum-packed Si resonator in a microfluidic chip for the thermal measurement of single cells

2016

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A highly sensitive thermometer system for a living cell is proposed, fabricated, and evaluated. The system possesses a resonant thermal sensor surrounded by vacuum in a microfluidic chip. The measurement principle relies on resonant frequency tracking of the resonator in temperature variations due to the heat from a sample cell; the heat is conducted from the sample cell in the microfluidic channel via a heat guide connecting the resonator to a sample stage. This configuration can reduce heat loss from the resonator to the surroundings and damping in water. Two types of resonators are prepared, i.e., a cantilevered resonator and a double-supported resonator. The resonator sizes as a sensor are 30 × 50 × 1.5 μm in the cantilevered resonator, 30 × 75 × 0.40 μm in the double-supported one, respectively. The temperature and thermal resolutions of 79 μK and 1.90 nW, respectively, are achieved using the double-supported resonator. Two types of heat emissions from single brown fat cells are detected; one is continuous heat generation in the presence of chemical stimulation by a norepinephrine solution, and the other is pulsed without any stimulation.

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“…a marked thermogenesis being comparable to that elicited by noradrenaline (KUROSHIMA and YAHATA, 1979;YAHATA and KUROSHIMA, 1982). Furthermore, cold acclimation significantly elevated glucagon content per unit weight of BAT , although plasma glucagon returned to the control level (KUROSHIMA et al, 1978;HABARA and KUROSHIMA,1983).…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Cold-induced changes in glucagon of brown adipose tissue.

Yahata

Kuroshima

1987

Jpn.J.Physiol

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In order to evaluate the role of glucagon in brown adipose tissue (BAT) function under cold or stress, the changes in immunoreactive glucagon of BAT and plasma as well as uptake and metabolism of radioactive glucagon (125I-G) in this tissue were studied in rats. Glucagon per g fresh tissue was higher in the dorso-cervical BAT than in the interscapular BAT. In warm controls (WC), acute cold exposure (-5 °C, 15 min) (CE) or stress (immobilization, 30 min) (AS) elevated glucagon of both sites of BAT as well as plasma. In cold-acclimated animals (CA), the resting levels of BAT glucagon, but not plasma glucagon, were higher than WC. CE caused elevation of plasma glucagon, but not BAT glucagon in CA. AS did not affect glucagon levels in both plasma and BAT in CA. Cold acclimation did not influence 125I-G uptake by BAT, but resulted in a rather lower 125I-G level in plasma and liver. The present results suggest that BAT is a target tissue for glucagon to cause nonshivering thermogenesis in response to cold or stress and that turnover of glucagon is enhanced by cold acclimation.

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Influence of endocrine and chemical factors on glucagon-induced thermogenesis in brown adipocytes.

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Nutrient regulation of glucagon secretion: involvement in metabolism and diabetes

Nutrient regulation of glucagon secretion: involvement in metabolism and diabetes

Highly sensitive thermometer using a vacuum-packed Si resonator in a microfluidic chip for the thermal measurement of single cells

Cold-induced changes in glucagon of brown adipose tissue.

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