Influence of electrolyte-plasma surface hardening on the structure and properties of steel 40KhN

Rakhadilov, Bauyrzhan; Satbayeva, Zarina; Bayatanova, Lyaila; Kilyshkanov, M. K.; Kalibayev, K. A.; Kochneva, A. K.

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1393/1/012119

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Materials 2021, 14,1928 4 of 11 modified surface layer consisting of martensite is well distinguished on the transverse microsection, the thickness of which is ~1.7-2 mm on average. Furthermore, deeper into the sample, there is a transitional layer, and the layer (zone) of the main material.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To heat the sample to the quenching temperature, a voltage of 320 V was applied between the electrodes for 2 s, then the voltage was turned off and the sample was rapidly cooled due to heat removal from the surface to the base of the material and due to the flowing electrolyte. Detailed descriptions of the installation and technological processing are given in [ 14 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the preliminary results of [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], it is possible to increase the heating rate of the cathode to 400–500 °C/s by changing the size and shape of the anode and the composition of the electrolyte. This makes it possible to obtain a modified layer 0.7–2 mm thick that contributes to an increase in the hardness of alloy steels by 2–2.5 times and wear resistance by 2–2.2 times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Change of 0.34Cr-1Ni-Mo-Fe Steel Dislocation Structure in Plasma Electrolyte Hardening

et al. 2021

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This work deals with the study of changes in the dislocation structure and quantitative characteristics, as well as morphological components, of 0.34Cr-1Ni-Mo-Fe steel before and after plasma electrolytic hardening. According to the electron microscopic studies of the fine structure of 0.34Cr-1Ni-Mo-Fe steel before and after plasma electrolytic hardening, 0.34Cr-1Ni-Mo-Fe steel is a multiphase material containing an α-phase, a γ-phase (retained austenite), and a cementite and carbide phase. It was revealed that, morphologically, the α-phase in the initial state, generally, is present in the form of: lamellar pearlite with a volume fraction of 35%, a ferritocarbide mixture with a volume fraction of 45%, and fragmented ferrite with a volume fraction of 20% of the material. After surface hardening, the morphological components of the structure changed: packet–lamellar martensite with volume fractions of 60% and 40%, 5% and 7% of γ-phase as residual austenite in the crystals of packet–lamellar martensite, 0.6% and 1.5% of cementite in crystals of packet–lamellar martensite, and 0.15% and 0.35% of complex carbide М23С6 in crystals of packet–lamellar martensite, respectively, were observed. The quantitative characteristics of the dislocation structure were estimated by the following calculated indices of packet and lamellar martensite: scalar (ρ) and excess (ρ±) density of dislocations, the value of the curvature-torsion of the crystal lattice (χ), the amplitude of long-range internal stresses (σd), and the amplitude of shear stresses (σL), according to which the plastic nature of the bending-torsion of the crystal lattice was confirmed (σL > σd).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Change of 0.34Cr-1Ni-Mo-Fe Steel Dislocation Structure in Plasma Electrolyte Hardening

et al. 2021

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“…The PEH process was performed without reflow. Due to the short duration process, the surface roughness practically has not changed after PEH [15,23].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural-phase transformations in 0.34C–1CRr–1Ni–1Mo–Fe steel during plasma electrolytic hardening

Rakhadilov

Kozhanova²,

Попова

et al. 2020

Materials Science-Poland

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Structural-phase transformations in 0.34C–1Cr–1Ni–1Mo–Fe steel during plasma electrolytic hardening were investigated. Electrolytic-plasma hardening of steel samples was carried out by surface quenching with rapid concentrated heating of the surface by plasma action and subsequent rapid cooling by heat removal from the depth of the sample by electrolyte jet. Plasma electrolytic hardening was carried out in the cathode mode in an electrolyte made from an aqueous solution containing 20 % sodium carbonate and 10 % carbamide. To study the structural-phase states of the modified layer, we used the method of transmission diffraction electron microscopy on thin foils. The study of steel samples was carried out before and after the plasma electrolytic hardening. Initially, the steel was a mixture of pearlite and ferrite grains. Surface hardening of 0.34C–1Cr–1Ni–1Mo–Fe ferrite-pearlite steel led to a change in the structural-phase state and the formation of a packet-lamellar martensite structure. It was found that PEH leads to distortion of the crystal lattice and the formation of long-range internal stresses, as well as to the release of small particles of cementite and carbide of M23C6 type, uniformly distributed throughout the volume of the material. Surface hardening led to the increase in all quantitative parameters of the fine structure (ρ, ρ ±, χ, σL, σd).

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The cathodic electrolytic plasma hardening of the 20Cr2Ni4A chromium-nickel steel

Rakhadilov

Buranich

Satbayeva

et al. 2020

Journal of Materials Research and Technology

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Influence of electrolyte-plasma surface hardening on the structure and properties of steel 40KhN

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Change of 0.34Cr-1Ni-Mo-Fe Steel Dislocation Structure in Plasma Electrolyte Hardening

Change of 0.34Cr-1Ni-Mo-Fe Steel Dislocation Structure in Plasma Electrolyte Hardening

Structural-phase transformations in 0.34C–1CRr–1Ni–1Mo–Fe steel during plasma electrolytic hardening

The cathodic electrolytic plasma hardening of the 20Cr2Ni4A chromium-nickel steel

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