Influence of Educational Status on Executive Function and Functional Balance in Individuals with Parkinson Disease

Souza, Carolina de; Voos, Mariana Callil; Francato, Débora Valente; Chien, Hsin Fen; Barbosa, Egberto Reis

doi:10.1097/wnn.0b013e31828c5956

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This was evidenced by the number of colors correctly named, which was significantly lower in the PD subjects than in the healthy subjects. It is important to note that no differences occurred between the two groups in terms of education and the MoCA test (Kelly et al, 2012b;Souza, Voos, Francato, Chien, & Barbosa, 2013). The MoCA test was applied to both groups to give an indication whether the subjects had cognitive deterioration or not and to detect differences of cognitive deterioration between the PD group and the healthy controls before the evaluation, to validate the findings and conclusions of the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Parkinson's Disease and Cognitive-Motor Dual-Task: Is Motor Prioritization Possible in the Early Stages of the Disease?

Fernandes

Sousa

Rocha

et al. 2016

Journal of Motor Behavior

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The authors aimed to compare the postural phase of gait initiation under single-task (gait initiation) and dual-task (gait initiation plus Stroop test) conditions in healthy subjects and in subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD) in the early stages (Hoehn and Yahr scale < 3). The postural phase of gait initiation was assessed through the centre of pressure in single and dual task in 10 healthy subjects and 9 with PD. The analysis indicated that in the early stages of PD, an additional cognitive task did not affect the displacement of the gait initiation. No significant effects occurred between the groups and within-subjects (p > .05). Also, no interaction was found between the groups and the conditions (single- and dual-task). Differences were found in the duration of the mediolateral postural phase (p = .003), which was higher in PD subjects than in healthy subjects. The findings suggest that subjects in the early stages of PD prioritize gait initiation, as their motor performance was similar to that of healthy subjects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Parkinson's Disease and Cognitive-Motor Dual-Task: Is Motor Prioritization Possible in the Early Stages of the Disease?

Fernandes

Sousa

Rocha

et al. 2016

Journal of Motor Behavior

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“…The WEFT performance was similar to the results reported by studies that investigated age and education effects on the TMT 16,17 . Poor executive function, which is usually associated with lower educational status 11,12 , correlated with a lower speed on motor tasks 20,21,23 . Although being a relatively simple task, the TUG test showed longer times in AES individuals 21 .…”

Section: Age and Education Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The performance on tasks involving executive function and lower limb control (e.g. balance and gait) are related 18,19,20 . Individuals with poorer performance on executive function tasks tend to have higher postural instability, with a higher risk of falling while standing quietly and walking 18,19,20 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Educational status influences cognitive-motor learning in older adults: going to university provides greater protection against aging than going to high school

Voos

Piemonte

Caromano

et al. 2017

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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ARTICLEEducational status influences cognitive-motor learning in older adults: going to university provides greater protection against aging than going to high school Impacto da escolaridade na aprendizagem de uma tarefa cognitivo-motora em idosos: cursar a faculdade fornece maior efeito protetor contra o envelhecimento do que cursar o ensino médio were subdivided into average (6-11years of education) and higher education (12-17 years). They received two training sessions (session 1: eight repetitions, session 2: four repetitions), with a one week-interval between them. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test was performed before and after the training. Results: Volunteers with an average education showed longer times on the WEFT than those with a higher education. Older adults showed lower retention than middle-aged adults (p < 0.001). The TUG was faster after the WEFT training (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The impact of education was observed when locomotion was associated with cognitive tasks. Average education resulted in poorer performance and learning than higher education, mainly in older adults. Gait speed increased after training.Keywords: cognition; aging; evaluation; executive function; locomotion; visual perception. RESUMO

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“…Executive function is a broad concept that includes the ability to monitor and process internal and external information, attend to multiple tasks concurrently, set and achieve goals, solve problems, and regulate environmental demands. As PD progresses, the executive function and postural control deteriorate and the degree of cognitivemotor dependency increases 11,12 . Diverse tools as Timed up and Go test (TUG), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Six-Minute Walk Test, Dynamic Gait Index and, more recently, MiniBest test (MBT) 11 evaluate postural control in PD patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The competition with a concurrent cognitive task affects posturographic measures in patients with Parkinson disease

Barbosa

Souza

Chen

et al. 2015

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Objectives: To estimate the impact of a sensory-motor-cognitive task on postural balance, in Parkinson disease patients (Hoehn and Yahr 2-3) and to investigate possible relationships between posturography and functional balance clinical scales. Method: Parkinson disease patients (n = 40) and healthy controls (n = 27) were evaluated with fluency tests, Berg Balance scale, Mini Best test and static posturography on the conditions eyes open, eyes closed and dual-task (simultaneous balance and fluency tasks). Results: Posturographic data showed that Parkinson disease patients performed worse than controls in all evaluations. In general, balance on dual-task was significantly poorer than balance with eyes closed. Posturographic data were weakly correlated to clinical balance scales. Conclusion: In clinical practice, Parkinson disease patients are commonly assessed with eyes closed, to sensitize balance. Our study showed that adding a cognitive task is even more effective. Static posturographic data should be carefully overgeneralized to infer functional balance impairments.

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Influence of Educational Status on Executive Function and Functional Balance in Individuals with Parkinson Disease

Abstract: Whether or not they had PD, less-educated people performed worse than more-educated people on the TMT Part B. Educational status affected executive function, but PD status did not. Among individuals with PD, educational status influenced functional balance.

Cited by 18 publications

References 53 publications

Parkinson's Disease and Cognitive-Motor Dual-Task: Is Motor Prioritization Possible in the Early Stages of the Disease?

Parkinson's Disease and Cognitive-Motor Dual-Task: Is Motor Prioritization Possible in the Early Stages of the Disease?

Educational status influences cognitive-motor learning in older adults: going to university provides greater protection against aging than going to high school

The competition with a concurrent cognitive task affects posturographic measures in patients with Parkinson disease

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