Influence of Dual Task Training in Indoor Versus Outdoor Environment on Physical Function and Social Activity among Elderly.

Abstract

The existential reality of elderly is that their physical efficiency is challenged as per their changes in living environment and degree of socialization. Numerous elements of every task performed unconsciously to intervene dual task (cognitive & motor or motor & motor) and so dual task activity training is essential.Aim: To find the influence of dual task activity training in indoor versus outdoor environment on physical activity and social activity self-efficacy measure among elderly. Objectives: a) To study the influence of dual task training in indoor environment on physical function & social activity self-efficacy measures among elderly. b) To study the influence of dual task training in outdoor environment on physical function & social activity self-efficacy measures among elderly. c) To compare the influence of dual task training in indoor & outdoor environment on physical function & social activity self-efficacy measures among elderly. Material and Method: Group A subjects were treated in indoor (closed) environment and Group B subjects were treated in outdoor (open) environment with 38 subjects under each group. The duration of training intervention in each group is 60 minutes per session of exercise program including warm up & cool about period administered twice per week for 12 weeks duration. The pre-test measures was recorded on the first day at the start of treatment and the post-test measures after 12 weeks duration from the start of intervention for statistical analysis. Results:The study predicted significant results of outdoor dual task activity with relation to timed 10 meter walk test promoting physical function and motivation to participate in social activities.

The Effects of Outdoor versus Indoor Exercise on Psychological Health, Physical Health, and Physical Activity Behaviour: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Trials

“…Characteristics of included studies are presented in Supplementary Table S3. Six of the ten included trials were parallel-group randomized controlled trials [18,20,[27][28][29][30][31][32], whereas three studies were parallel-group controlled trials with no reporting of randomization [19,33,34]. One study was a cluster-randomized, counterbalanced crossover trial [17].…”

“…Among the outdoor exercise environments of the 10 included studies, six were not reported in adequate detail (described only as "outdoors", "open", or "large park") [17,19,[32][33][34], two were a mix of natural and built features (i.e., turf field; multisurface garden path) [18,20], and two were mostly natural with minimal built features (i.e., forest; riverside park) [27,28,30,31]. The indoor exercise environments consisted of traditional indoor exercise spaces in three studies (i.e., gym, health club) [18,[27][28][29], laboratory spaces in one study [30,31], university tunnels/skyways in one study [17], and a nursing home hall in one study [20].…”

“…The indoor exercise environments consisted of traditional indoor exercise spaces in three studies (i.e., gym, health club) [18,[27][28][29], laboratory spaces in one study [30,31], university tunnels/skyways in one study [17], and a nursing home hall in one study [20]. Indoor environments were inadequately reported in four studies (described only as "indoors", "closed", or "into the hall") [19,[32][33][34].…”

“…Two trials combined aerobic exercise (aerobic circuit [30,31]; cycling [27,28]) with resistance training (using elastic bands). Other types of exercise included agility, balance, and strength training [20] and dual-task training [34].…”

“…Given biomechanical and physiological differences between different exercise modalities (e.g., overground running versus treadmill or cycling versus stationary bike) [35][36][37], exercise type should be considered in the context of exercise modality. Among the eight studies that matched exercise type between outdoor and indoor groups, five also matched the modality [17,19,20,30,31,34], whereas three studies compared outdoor, overground running, cycling, or walking with an indoor, stationary counterpart (i.e., treadmill or stationary bike) [27][28][29]32].…”