Influence of dispersants on the bioavailability and trophic transfer of petroleum hydrocarbons to larval topsmelt (Atherinops affinis)

Growth and immune system performance to assess the effect of dispersed oil on juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

“…et al 2010), on turbot Scophthalmus maximus or on polar cod Boreogadus saida Like most vertebrates, sea bass have the ability to metabolize PAHs. These PAHs are absorbed via gills, skin and by ingestion of food or contaminated sediments (Thomas and Rice, 1987;Neff, 1985;Wolfe et al, 2001). In this study, similar concentrations of PAHs were observed in fish muscle at T0 (end of exposure) for the two dispersed oil conditions (CD and MD).…”

Bioaccumulation and subacute toxicity of mechanically and chemically dispersed heavy fuel oil in sea urchin (<em>Glyptocidaris crenulari</em>)

“…Moreover, the PAH concentrations of the tissues of sea urchins in the CDWAF were higher than those in the MDWAF. These results are consistent with those of previous studies that have revealed an increase in PAH uptake due to dispersant application (Mielbrecht et al 2005, Wolfe et al 2001. However, the BAF declined at the same exposure time in the MDWAF and the CDWAF.…”

Toxicity Testing of Crude Oil and Related Compounds Using Early Life Stages of the Crimson-Spotted Rainbowfish (Melanotaenia fluviatilis)

“…A study by Wolfe et al (2001) found that during the "rst 2 h of exposure to dispersed crude oil (Corexit 9527), naphthalene uptake in larval topsmelt (Atherinops a.nis) was enhanced, compared to crude oil alone. In the subsequent 10 h, naphthalene uptake was the same for exposure solutions and thus over extended periods hydrocarbon uptake by larvae may not be altered by the addition of the dispersant.…”

“…It has the same surfactants as Corexit 9527, but provides enhanced penetration and emulsi"cation properties. Chemical dispersants alter the normal behavior of petroleum hydrocarbons by increasing their functional water solubility, resulting in increased bioavailability and altered interactions between dispersant, oil, and biological membranes (Wolfe et al, 2001).…”