Influence of dietary black soldier fly ( Hermetia illucens Linnaeus) pulp on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of juvenile mirror carp ( Cyprinus carpio var. specularis)

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate whether dietary supplementation of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens Linnaeus) pulp (BSFP) affects growth performance, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of juvenile mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio var. specularis). A total of 270 juvenile mirror carp (13.68 ± 0.02 g) were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments, BSFP0, BSFP25, BSFP50, BSFP75 and BSFP100, in which BSFP was included in the basal diet at 0, 43.7, 87.3, 131 and 174.7 g/kg, respectively. Then, fish were fed to apparent satiation for 8 weeks. Fish growth performance and nutrient utilization were not different among the five groups (p > .05). Increasing BSFP dietary content significantly decreased whole‐body lipid content but increased kidney index (p < .05). The general relative intestine length was significantly higher in the BSFP100 group than the BSFP0 group (p < .05). Increasing BSFP dietary content significantly increased serum catalase activity and decreased malonaldehyde content (p < .05). The intestinal villus height, villus area and muscle layer thickness were significantly lower in the BSFP100 group than the BSFP0 group (p < .05). No significant differences in the activity of intestinal trypsin, lipase and amylase were observed among all groups (p > .05). In conclusion, this study indicated that BSFP at the level below 131 g/kg could be added in diet of juvenile mirror carp without any negative effect on growth performance and intestinal health. Dietary BSFP inclusion at low levels decreased the whole‐body lipid content and increased the antioxidant activity of juvenile mirror carp.

Dietary Inclusion of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens) Larvae Meal and Paste Improved Gut Health but Had Minor Effects on Skin Mucus Proteome and Immune Response in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar)

“…In the present study, plasma AST, ALT and CK levels were not affected by BSFL meal, suggesting that dietary BSFL meal might not affect liver and muscle health. In accordance with the present study, several studies demonstrated that the activities of serum ALT and AST were not altered or in some cases even decreased by dietary inclusion of BSFL meal or pulp in pre-smolt ( 32 ) and post-smolt salmon ( 9 ), Jian carp ( 72 ), Japanese seabass ( 69 ) and mirror carp ( 74 ). In addition, Belghit, Waagbø ( 32 ) and Vargas-Abúndez, Randazzo ( 78 ) observed that dietary inclusion of BSFL meal did not affect the expression of genes involved in stress response (heat‐shock protein‐70 and superoxide dismutase) in the liver of pre-smolt salmon and clownfish ( Amphiprion ocellaris ) respectively, suggesting no induction of stress response and further confirming that BSFL ingredients did not cause any negative effect on liver health.…”

“…Jian) ( 72 ), yellow catfish ( Pelteobagrus fulvidraco ) ( 73 ) and mirror carp ( Cyprinus carpio var. specularis) ( 74 ). However, Zhou, Liu ( 75 ) observed that serum antioxidant capacity was not affected by partial replacement of dietary fishmeal with BSFL meal in Jian carp, while complete replacement reduced serum antioxidant capacity.…”

Evaluation of the Low Inclusion of Full-Fatted Hermetia illucens Larvae Meal for Layer Chickens: Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Gut Health

“…In our study, the serum MDA content was decreased as with the increase of full-fatted BSFM inclusion due to the stronger activity of antioxidant enzymes in the defense system. Similar encouraging results have been confirmed in several fish species (31,32). It has been reported that antioxidant ability due to chitin appears to have a positive effect on the immune system of poultry, as it exhibits prebiotic properties in the large intestine and appears to exhibit a bacteriostatic effect on Gram-negative bacteria (33).…”

Effects of different levels of Hermetia illucens larvae meal on performance, egg quality, yolk fatty acid composition and oxidative status of laying hens

“…Our observation is in line with the opinion of Li et al (2017) and Fawole et al (2020) who found that CAT activities in fish increased when including HILM in their diets. Similarly, Xu et al (2020) showed that increasing HILM dietary content significantly increased plasma CAT activity and decreased MDA content of the juvenile mirror carp. Besides, we also found that the plasma oxidative metabolites were affected by the dietary treatments and showed decreased values of MDA as a result of the dietary inclusion levels of HILM.…”