Influence of deep cryogenic treatment on dry sliding wear behaviour of AISI D3 die steel

Kumar, Satish; Nagaraj, Mohan; Khedkar, Nitin K.; Bongale, Arunkumar

doi:10.1088/2053-1591/aadeba

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For comparison with literature data [11][12], the speed was 570 rpm and the abrasion test time was 5 minutes.…”

Section: (4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cryogenic treatment is not mentioned by companies, nor by the standard, although when cooled to room temperature with this carbon con-tent, the martensitic transformation is not completed [5]. While company data do not suggest a relationship between wear resistance and heat treatment parameters, the effects of deep cooling and tempering on mechanical and wear properties have been addressed by several researchers for similar cold forming tool steels [6][7][8][9][10][11]. The tool makers ask from the heat treatment shops only the Rockwell hardness, however, tool life, wear resistance, and toughness depend also on the heat treatment technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examination of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Wear of Tool Steels

Fábián

Tóth

Huszák

2019

Acta Materialia Transylvanica

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The microstructure of the investigated X153CrMoV12 grade tool steel in delivered condition consisted of spheroidal matrix and primary carbides. The primary carbides were not dissolved under austenitisation time on either 1030°C or 1070°C. The microstructure and abrasion resistance of the steel changed due to quenching from different austenitisation temperatures. After conventional quenching from the higher austenitising temperature, there is more residual austenite in the steel than at quenching from the lower austenitisation temperature, which decreased the wear resistance. As a result of quenching from 1070°C followed by a multiple tempering process around 500 to 540°C, the retained austenite content is reduced and finely dispersed carbides are precipitated in the matrix, resulting in a higher matrix hardness and an increased wear resistance. After cryogenic treatment, the residual austenite content decreases compared to the conventional process, which leads to an increase in hardness and wear resistance.

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“…For comparison with literature data [11][12], the speed was 570 rpm and the abrasion test time was 5 minutes.…”

Section: (4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Wear of Tool Steels

Fábián

Tóth

Huszák

2019

Acta Materialia Transylvanica

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“…Cryogenic treatment has many uses such as in hospital applications, product stocking, cooling in machining, and as an alternative to conventional heat treatment of engineering materials. 2,3 When applied to cutting tools, the cryogenic treatment known as subzero treatment is acknowledged as a way to increase their wear resistance. Wang et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taguchi optimization of surface roughness in the turning of Hastelloy C22 super alloy using cryogenically treated ceramic inserts

Akincioğlu

Gökkaya

Akıncıoğlu

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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Cryogenic treatment has been used in recent years to improve the performance of cutting tools. This study evaluated the machinability of a nickel–molybdenum-based super alloy using cryogenically treated (–80 ℃ and –145 ℃) ceramic inserts under dry turning conditions. Three cutting speeds (350, 400, and 450 m/min), three feed rates (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mm/rev), and a 1-mm fixed cutting depth were used in the turning tests. Experiments were conducted using the Taguchi orthogonal array L27 design. The factors affecting the surface roughness (Ra) were determined via analysis of variance. The effect of cryogenic treatment type (shallow and deep), cutting speed, and feed rate on surface roughness was investigated. Results of the analysis determined that the feed rate was the major parameter that affected surface roughness and that the deep cryogenic treatment was more effective. The regression analysis confirmed that the experimental results and the predicted values were within the 95% confidence interval. The most effective parameter affecting the surface roughness was feed rate at a contribution of 57.9%. The contribution of the cutting tool type to the surface roughness was 28.5%. The results obtained showed that the surface roughness can be optimized for turning the Hastelloy c22 super alloy with the Taguchi method.

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“…LNT is an additional step after the heat treatment method and it is a one-time treatment in which the retained austenite is converted into martensite [3]. Properties such as Tensile strength [4], Hardness [5], fatigue behaviour [6] and wear resistance [7][8][9] were found to be increasing by the various researcher. Similarly, cryogenic treatment was used to enrich the lives of many commercial and industrial materials [10].Cryogenic treatment features a wide selection of applications such as Machining, electronic, automotive materials, food process, health and aviation [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machining performance evaluation of liquid nitrogen treated M2 cutting tools for turning operations

Kumar¹,

Bongale²,

Khedkar³

2020

FME Transactions

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The present study is focused on liquid nitrogen treatment of M2 tool steel for 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours at-196 0 C followed by tempering at 150 0 C. The treated tool samples are used for machining low carbon steel on a CNC lathe to varying combinations of Spindle speed (700, 1100 & 1800 rpm), Feed rate (0.1, 0.125 & 0.15 rev/mm) and Depth of cut (0.15, 0.3 & 0.45 mm). Taguchi's Design of experiments and ANOVA methods are used to statistically analyze the effect of cutting parameters and cutting forces on the tool wear and surface roughness after experimentation. SEM analysis is carried out to investigate the type of tool wear experienced by the cutting tools. The regression analysis has resulted in a model to predict the values of surface roughness, tool wear and friction coefficient, with a maximum error of ±6% from the actual experimental values.

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Influence of deep cryogenic treatment on dry sliding wear behaviour of AISI D3 die steel

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Examination of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Wear of Tool Steels

Examination of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Wear of Tool Steels

Taguchi optimization of surface roughness in the turning of Hastelloy C22 super alloy using cryogenically treated ceramic inserts

Machining performance evaluation of liquid nitrogen treated M2 cutting tools for turning operations

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