Influence of Culture Conditions on Polyphenol Production by Fagopyrum esculentum Tissue Cultures

Abstract

Tissue cultures of buckwheat, selected for their anthocyanin content (red in color), were grown in vitro on supplemented Gamborg's medium. Optimal growth was obtained with 2 mg/liter 2,4-D and 30 g/liter sucrose, over a 20-day culture period in light or a 30-day period in darkness; the mass production was similar in both cases (80 mg dry wt per callus). Flavonoids and anthocyanins were mainly synthesized under light, with a correlation between amount produced and growth. Synthesis of catechins and procyanidins was less dependent on light conditions. The flavonoids, isoquercitrin, rutin, and hyperin, existed a low levels regardless of culture age. Levels of quercetin-3-rhamnogalactoside were higher, with an optimum reached on the 16th day (according to their low flavonoid synthesis capacity). Buckwheat tissue cultures are characterized by good catechin and procyanidin production.

Comparison of flavonoids profile in sprouts of common buckwheat cultivars and wild tartary buckwheat

“…Earlier, Moumou et al . () isolated major flavonoid from cell cultures of Fagopyrum esculentum and tentatively identified it as quercetin 3‐rhamnosyl‐galactoside. The proposed identification was based on the data previously published by Krause ().…”

“…Quettier‐Deleu et al . () reported that buckwheat seeds contain mainly procyanidin B2, but in callus cultures and hairy root of Fagopyrum esculentum, procyanidin B1 and epicatechins were also found (Moumou et al ., ).…”

“…Recently, a high level of quercetin 3-robinoside was found in fruit of black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) and other berries (Li et al, 2012;Mikulic-Petkovsek et al, 2012). Earlier, Moumou et al (1992) isolated major flavonoid from cell cultures of Fagopyrum esculentum and tentatively identified it as quercetin 3-rhamnosyl-galactoside. The proposed identification was based on the data previously published by Krause (1976).…”

“…Procyanidins are common in buckwheat tissues (Watanabe et al, 1997;Horbowicz et al, 2011b). Quettier-Deleu et al (2000) reported that buckwheat seeds contain mainly procy-anidin B2, but in callus cultures and hairy root of Fagopyrum esculentum, procyanidin B1 and epicatechins were also found (Moumou et al, 1992).…”

Effect of buckwheat extract on free radical generation in rabbits administered high‐fat diet

“…Buckwheat leaves (Fagopyrum esculentum M. and Fagopyrum taturicum G) are a source for the industrial extraction of rutin (Moumou and Trotin, 1992), which is used to improve capillary fragility. Buckwheat leaves are likely to affect lipid metabolism disturbances (Bijlani et al, 1985).…”