Influence of Cr2O3 on highly nonlinear properties and low leakage current of ZnO–Bi2O3 varistor ceramics

Bai, Hairui; Li, Shuhui; Zhao, Yunhan; Xu, Zhijun; Chu, Ruiqing; Hao, Jigong; Chen, Chong; Li, Huaiyong; Gong, Yunyun; Li, Guorong

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.03.042

Cited by 40 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The above ceramics are synthesized by conventional solid‐state reaction method using analytical‐grade metal oxide powders as starting materials. The preparation process, structure, and electrical characterizations are similar as that reported elsewhere . What in differ is that the disk‐shaped ceramic specimens are sintered at 880°C for 2 hour with a heating rate of 3°C/min in covered alumina crucibles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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The effect of SiO₂on electrical properties of low‐temperature‐sintered ZnO–Bi₂O₃–TiO₂–Co₂O₃–MnO₂‐based ceramics

Bai

Zhang

et al. 2016

J Am Ceram Soc

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ZnO–Bi2O3–TiO2–Co2O3–MnO2‐based (ZBTCM) varistors were fabricated via the conventional solid‐state method, and the effect of SiO2 content on the phase transformation, microstructure, and electrical properties of the ZBTCM had been investigated. Results showed that this varistor can be sintered at a low temperature of 880°C with a high sintering density above 0.95 of the ZnO theoretical density. In these components, SiO2 acts as a controller in ZnO grain growth, decreasing the grain size of ZnO from 3.67 to 1.92 μm, which in turn results in an increase in breakdown voltage E1mA from 358.11 to 1080 V/mm. On the other hand, SiO2 has a significant influence on the defect structure and component distribution at grain‐boundary regions. When SiO2 content increases from 0 to 4 wt%, the value of the interface state density (Ns) increases sharply. At the same time, the electrical properties are improved gradually, and reach an optimized value with the nonlinear coefficient (α) up to 54.18, the barrier height (ϕb) up to 2.90 eV, and the leakage current (IL) down to 0.193 μA/cm2.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The preparation process, structure, and electrical characterizations are similar as that reported elsewhere. 33 What in differ is that the disk-shaped ceramic specimens are sintered at 880°C for 2 hour with a heating rate of 3°C/min in covered alumina crucibles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of SiO₂on electrical properties of low‐temperature‐sintered ZnO–Bi₂O₃–TiO₂–Co₂O₃–MnO₂‐based ceramics

Bai

Zhang

et al. 2016

J Am Ceram Soc

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“…And the lower I L could be the result of the high grain boundary resistance. Nevertheless, more liquid phase could lead to thicker grain boundaries, which will cause the decrease in nonlinear coefficient and the increase of leakage current . Accordingly, the deterioration of electrical properties of MLVs should be ascribed to the excessive amount of liquid phase generated by BBSZ glass during sintering.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐temperature sintering and electrical properties of BBSZ glass‐doped ZnO‐based multilayer varistors

Peng

et al. 2019

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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The effect of Bi2O3‐B2O3‐SiO2‐ZnO glass (denoted as BBSZ) content on the densification, microstructure, and electrical properties of ZnO‐based multilayer varistors (MLVs) has been investigated. In ZnO‐based (MLVs), BBSZ acted as a promoter in ZnO grain growth, which increased the grain size of ZnO, resulting in a decrease in breakdown voltage. Results showed that the adding of BBSZ glass had an improvement in densification and overall properties of MLVs. It was found that a maximum value of 5.45 g/cm3 of the bulk density and the optimum properties (V1mA = 27.28 V, α = 40.33, IL = 0.75 μA, Ip = 35 A) of ZnO‐based MLVs were achieved with 3 wt% BBSZ glass sintered at 925°C for 3 hours.

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“…One of the methods to improve the properties of the materials, also ceramic materials, is to use dopants [1][2][3]. However, doping can be realized at two different stages of element production: during synthesis of the powder or during shaping of the product [4][5][6][7]. The idea of doping ceramic materials (powder or layers) at synthesis stage is usually based on dissolving precursors of major and dope chemical element in a solvent (aqueous or organic) followed by chemical precipitation or gelling (sol-gel method).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal salts as dopants for ZnO ceramics-thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry studies

Wieciński

Więcław-Midor

2021

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The paper presents results concerning thermal decomposition of copper II salts (acetylacetonate, acetate monohydrate and nitrate trihydrate) in synthetic air and argon flow. Thermogravimetry tests coupled with mass spectrometry were performed in temperature range of 25–1300 °C. The influence of salt addition on the rheological properties and sintering behaviour of ceramic samples was then investigated. The microstructure evolution based on light and scanning electron microscopies coupled with stereological methods was described. The performed investigations revealed not only the differences in thermal decomposition of examined salts but also differences in the phenomena related to the oxidation and reduction processes of copper products. The atmosphere has also influenced the mechanisms of salts decomposition as well as further changes in decomposition products. Moreover, the presence of ZnO powder has changed the thermal decomposition process of copper II acetylacetonate. The investigations showed that acetates and nitrates can be efficient in homogeneous distribution of small amounts of metal additives in the ZnO-based suspensions. Higher concentrations of these type of salts lead to the increase of viscosity due to the fact that acetates and nitrates increase the ionic strength in the slurry. On the other hand, acetylacetonates do not disturb the stability of the slurries. However, they are characterized by low water solubility and thus homogenous distribution of small amount of these dopants is more difficult. The addition of copper increased the grain size of the sintered ZnO samples. The copper was not segregated at grain boundaries in the form of oxide, it diffused into ZnO matrix.

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Influence of Cr2O3 on highly nonlinear properties and low leakage current of ZnO–Bi2O3 varistor ceramics

Cited by 40 publications

References 25 publications

The effect of SiO₂on electrical properties of low‐temperature‐sintered ZnO–Bi₂O₃–TiO₂–Co₂O₃–MnO₂‐based ceramics

The effect of SiO₂on electrical properties of low‐temperature‐sintered ZnO–Bi₂O₃–TiO₂–Co₂O₃–MnO₂‐based ceramics

Low‐temperature sintering and electrical properties of BBSZ glass‐doped ZnO‐based multilayer varistors

Metal salts as dopants for ZnO ceramics-thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry studies

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Influence of Cr2O3 on highly nonlinear properties and low leakage current of ZnO–Bi2O3 varistor ceramics

Cited by 40 publications

References 25 publications

The effect of SiO2on electrical properties of low‐temperature‐sintered ZnO–Bi2O3–TiO2–Co2O3–MnO2‐based ceramics

The effect of SiO2on electrical properties of low‐temperature‐sintered ZnO–Bi2O3–TiO2–Co2O3–MnO2‐based ceramics

Low‐temperature sintering and electrical properties of BBSZ glass‐doped ZnO‐based multilayer varistors

Metal salts as dopants for ZnO ceramics-thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry studies

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The effect of SiO₂on electrical properties of low‐temperature‐sintered ZnO–Bi₂O₃–TiO₂–Co₂O₃–MnO₂‐based ceramics

The effect of SiO₂on electrical properties of low‐temperature‐sintered ZnO–Bi₂O₃–TiO₂–Co₂O₃–MnO₂‐based ceramics