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Background Circadian rhythms (CR) of functions and processes in the body are normally strictly coordinated with each other and with environmental factors, which ensures the maintenance of the functioning of the organs and systems of the body at an optimal level. However, we have not found any studies devoted to the study of CR of hepatocyte organelles under experimental conditions. Aim of study Study of the daily dynamics of the cross-sectional area of hepatocyte mitochondria in rats under conditions of dark deprivation, chronic alcohol intoxication and the combined effect of these factors. Materials and methods The work was performed on 80 males and 80 females Wistar rats, divided into 4 groups of each sex. Group 1 was kept under a fixed light regime; The 2nd group was kept under conditions of dark deprivation; the 3rd group was kept in the same conditions as the animals of the control group, but were subjected to chronic alcohol intoxication; Group 4 was kept in conditions of dark deprivation and subjected to chronic alcohol intoxication. Liver samples, after fixation and wiring, were analyzed using a transmission electron microscope. Micromorphometric methods were used to assess the mitochondrial apparatus of hepatocytes. Results In hepatocytes of rats from experimental groups of both sexes, CR of the cross-sectional area of mitochondria with similar parameters was detected. Dark deprivation and chronic alcohol intoxication, acting both separately and together, cause a restructuring of the mitochondrial size distribution, which is more pronounced in males. Conclusion The study indicates that the CR of mitochondrial size is dependent on the lighting regime and the toxic effect of ethanol and its metabolites. The size ranges of mitochondria in hepatocytes of females, compared to males, are more resistant to the effects of dark deprivation and alcohol intoxication.
Background Circadian rhythms (CR) of functions and processes in the body are normally strictly coordinated with each other and with environmental factors, which ensures the maintenance of the functioning of the organs and systems of the body at an optimal level. However, we have not found any studies devoted to the study of CR of hepatocyte organelles under experimental conditions. Aim of study Study of the daily dynamics of the cross-sectional area of hepatocyte mitochondria in rats under conditions of dark deprivation, chronic alcohol intoxication and the combined effect of these factors. Materials and methods The work was performed on 80 males and 80 females Wistar rats, divided into 4 groups of each sex. Group 1 was kept under a fixed light regime; The 2nd group was kept under conditions of dark deprivation; the 3rd group was kept in the same conditions as the animals of the control group, but were subjected to chronic alcohol intoxication; Group 4 was kept in conditions of dark deprivation and subjected to chronic alcohol intoxication. Liver samples, after fixation and wiring, were analyzed using a transmission electron microscope. Micromorphometric methods were used to assess the mitochondrial apparatus of hepatocytes. Results In hepatocytes of rats from experimental groups of both sexes, CR of the cross-sectional area of mitochondria with similar parameters was detected. Dark deprivation and chronic alcohol intoxication, acting both separately and together, cause a restructuring of the mitochondrial size distribution, which is more pronounced in males. Conclusion The study indicates that the CR of mitochondrial size is dependent on the lighting regime and the toxic effect of ethanol and its metabolites. The size ranges of mitochondria in hepatocytes of females, compared to males, are more resistant to the effects of dark deprivation and alcohol intoxication.
A separate and combined effect of constant illumination and chronic alcohol intoxication (CAI) on diurnal dynamics of micromorphometric parameters of hepatocytes in female Wistar rats and p53, Ki-67, PER2, BMAL1, and ADH5 expression in these cells were studied. The increase in apoptotic activity and proliferation in all animals under the action of chronodestructors is shown. All experimental animals showed a decrease in BMAL1 expression and increase in PER2 expression; ADH5 is overexpressed under the influence of ethanol. Circadian rhythms (CRs) of BMAL1, PER2, p53, and Ki-67 expression persist in all groups, except combined action of chronodestructors, and ADH5 CRs persist in all groups—thus, these rhythms in females are quite stable. CRs of the hepatocyte nuclei area are preserved in all the studied groups, although they undergo a significant shift. At the same time, the CRs of the hepatocyte area are destroyed under the action of light, both independently and in combination with CAI, and the CR of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (NCR) is destroyed by exposure to CAI. It can be assumed that CRs of the hepatocyte area are significantly affected by dark deprivation and NCR rhythm is sensitive to ethanol consumption, while the stability of studied genes’ expression rhythms at separate influences of studied chronodestructors is maintained by yet unknown adaptation mechanisms. It is necessary to note that, according to our previous studies of male rats, rat females show significantly greater stability of the studied CRs.
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