Influence of compost source on corn grain yields, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions in southwestern Ontario

DruryC., F.; ReynoldsW., D.; YangX., M.; TanC., S.; GuoX.,; McKenneyD., J.; FlemingR.,; DenholmeK.,

doi:10.4141/cjss2013-077

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The SMC was produced from a mixture of liquid swine manure and wheat straw using an open-cell batch system; YWC was produced from municipal yard wastes (grass cuttings, brush) using an open windrow system; and FWC was derived from a 50:50 mixture of household food residues and municipal yard wastes, and produced using a two-stage system of sealed batch reactor followed by covered curing-pile (for further detail, see website for Peel Integrated Waste Management Facility, Brampton, Ontario; Drury et al 2014;Yang et al 2014). The Control (n04) had no applications of compost or any other organic materials except for post-harvest crop residues in the form of in-situ stover and roots.…”

Section: Field Site and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal effects of food waste compost on soil physical quality and productivity

et al. 2015

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X. M. 2015. Temporal effects of food waste compost on soil physical quality and productivity. Can. J. Soil Sci. 95: 251Á268. The benefits of compost additions on soil organic carbon content and crop productivity are extant in the literature, but detailed studies of compost effects on soil physical quality (SPQ) are limited. The objective of this study was therefore to describe how one-time additions of compost impact the immediate, mid-term and long-term SPQ and crop yields of an agricultural soil. Food waste compost (FWC) was incorporated once into the top 10 cm of a humid-temperate Brookston clay loam soil at rates of 0 (Control), 75 dry t ha(1 (FWC-75), 150 dry t ha(1 (FWCÁ150) and 300 dry t ha (1 (FWC-300); measurements of SPQ parameters and corn yield were then made annually over the next 11 yr. The SPQ parameters included bulk density (BD), organic carbon content (OC), air capacity (AC), plant-available water capacity (PAWC), relative field capacity (RFC), and saturated hydraulic conductivity (K S ), which were obtained from intact (undisturbed) soil core samples. Prior to compost addition, BD, OC, AC, PAWC, RFC and K S were substantially non-optimal, and BD had increased relative to virgin soil by 46%, while OC, AC and PAWC had decreased relative to virgin soil by 60, 56 and 43%, respectively. Improvements in SPQ 1 yr after compost addition were negligible or small for FWC-75 and FWC-150, but FWC-300 generated optimal values for BD, OC, AC, PAWC and RFC. The SPQ parameters degraded with time, but 11 yr after compost addition, OC and AC under FWC-300 were still within their optimal ranges, as well as significantly (PB0.05) greater than the Control values by 65 and 26%, respectively. Soil cracks and biopores apparently induced substantial annual variation in K S , but average K S nevertheless increased with increasing compost addition rate. Corn grain yield varied substantially among years, which was likely due to weather and compost effects; however, 11-yr cumulative yields from the compost treatments were greater than the Control by 2200Á6500 kg ha (1 .

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Section: Field Site and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal effects of food waste compost on soil physical quality and productivity

et al. 2015

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“…In a prior study, composts derived from yard wastes (YWC), pig manure mixed with wheat straw (PMC) and household kitchen food wastes (FWC) were applied once (fall 1998) to a clay loam soil in southwestern Ontario to assess immediate and temporal impacts on soil physical properties (see, for example, Reynolds et al 2005), on greenhouse gas emissions (Drury et al 2014), and corn grain yields (Drury et al 2014). The YWC and PMC were applied in 1998 at 75 Mg ha (1 dry weight, and the FWC was applied at 75, 150 and 300 Mg ha (1 dry weight.…”

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Organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in a clay loam soil 10 years after a single compost application

et al. 2014

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J. 2014. Organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in a clay loam soil 10 years after a single compost application. Can. J. Soil. Sci. 94: 357Á363. Household food waste compost (FWC), yard waste compost (YWC) and pig manure plus wheat straw compost (PMC) were applied once in the fall of 1998 to a Brookston clay loam soil in southwestern Ontario to determine immediate and long-term effects of organic amendments on soil quality and productivity. In this report, we describe the residual effects of these single compost applications on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total soil nitrogen (TN) stocks 10 yr after compost addition (2009). FWC was applied at 75 Mg ha (1 , 150 Mg ha (1 and 300 Mg ha (1 , while YWC and PMC were applied at the single rate of 75 Mg ha (1 . The 75 Mg ha (1 additions of YWC, PMC and FWC increased SOC in the top 30 cm relative to a control (no compost additions) by 12.3% (9.0 Mg ha (1 ), 16.6% (12.2 Mg ha (1 ) and 0%, respectively; and they increased TN relative to the control by 8.0% (0.53 Mg ha (1 ), 11.7% (0.77 Mg ha (1 ), and 0%, respectively. The 150 and 300 Mg ha (1 additions of FWC increased SOC in the top 30 cm by 13.0 and 24.7 Mg ha (1 , respectively, and they increased TN by 0.93 and 1.70 Mg ha (1 , respectively. These results indicate that increases in SOC and TN stocks accruing from a single compost addition can persist for at least a decade, but the degree of increase depends strongly on compost type and addition rate. It was concluded that high compost addition rates of FWC and/or addition of composts derived from recalcitrant organic materials may be a good strategy for achieving long-term carbon and nitrogen sequestration in the cool, humid fine-textured soils of southwestern Ontario. , J. 2014. Re´serves de carbone organique et d'azote dans un loam argileux dix ans apre`s une seule application de compost. Can. J. Soil. Sci. 94: 357Á363. À l'automne 1998, du compost de de´chets alimentaires domestiques (CDA), de re´sidus de jardinage (CRJ) et de fumier de porc meˆle´a`de la paille de ble´(CFP) ont e´te´applique´une seule fois a`un loam argileux Brookston dans le sud-ouest de l'Ontario. L'expe´rience devait e´tablir les effets imme´diats et prolonge´s de ces amendements organiques sur la qualite´et la productivite´du sol. Le pre´sent article de´crit les effets re´siduels de ces applications uniques sur les stocks de carbone organique du sol (COS) et d'azote total (AT), dix ans apre`s l'amendement (2009). Le CDA a e´te´applique´a`raison de 75 Mg, 150 Mg et 300 Mg par hectare, tandis que le CRJ et le CFP l'ont e´te´au meˆme taux de 75 Mg par hectare. Comparativement a`la parcelle te´moin (aucun amendement), l'addition de 75 Mg de CRJ, de CFP et de CDA a respectivement augmente´la concentration de COS dans la couche supe´rieure de 30 cm du sol de 12,3 % (9,0 Mg par hectare), de 16,6 % (12,2 Mg par hectare) et de 0 %; paralle`lement, elle a accru respectivement la quantite´d'AT de 8,0 % (0,53 Mg par hectare), de 11,7 % (0,77 Mg par hectare) et de 0 %, par rapport a`celle releve´e dans la parcel...

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“…The model proposed by Keller et al [11], using analytical equations for vertical propagation of stresses developed by Boussinesq [24] and Frohlich [25], and uses the approach Soane's [26] to calculate the normal stress. The procedure used by Soane [26] for calculate the load applied by the wheels is to divide the contact area of small elements (i) where each element will have an area (A i ) in which an axial force is exerted (σ i ) therefore, the point charges σ i A i = P i .…”

Section: Determination Of Pressures Of the Machines On The Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Behavior of an Ultisol Under Different Sugarcane Management Systems in Brazil

Cantalice¹

2020

WJASS

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Compressibility and shear strength in agricultural soils are associated with pressures exerted on the soil surface by the intensive use of machines. This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical behavior of an Ultisol cultivated with sugarcane under the application of sugarcane residues (vinasse and filter cake) and compare it with an Atlantic Forest soil. Uniaxial compression tests were performed through the application of increasing with pressures from 12.50 to 1,600 kPa, at three water contents in undisturbed samples from the layers of 0-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m, and for shear direct test were collected in the layers of 0-0.20 m and, subjected to three water content levels and four levels of normal tensions of direct shear. The higher content of total organic carbon in the soil under native forest (2.42 g kg-1) allowed higher pre-compression stresses (101.21-143.55 kPa) due to an increase in soil cohesion from 22.58 to 61.23 kPa, with the reduction in the volumetric water content. Thus, this natural condition was significantly different from the management systems, with respect to the mean values of cohesion, by Tukey test (p<0.05). The application of filter cake and vinasse for 25 years significantly favored the dissipation of pre-compression stress in the soil, compared with the soil under native forest. The system with filter cake application showed higher shear strength from the tension of 100 kPa on, with values from 120 to 190 kPa, in comparison to the system with vinasse application.

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Influence of compost source on corn grain yields, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions in southwestern Ontario

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Temporal effects of food waste compost on soil physical quality and productivity

Temporal effects of food waste compost on soil physical quality and productivity

Organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in a clay loam soil 10 years after a single compost application

Mechanical Behavior of an Ultisol Under Different Sugarcane Management Systems in Brazil

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