Influence of Companion Herbs on Phyllotreta cruciferae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Collard Plants

Latheef, M. A.; Ortiz, J. H.

doi:10.1093/jee/77.1.80

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The non-Brassicaceae weeds might visually (Bergelson and Kareiva 1987) and chemically (Bach 1980;Stanton 1983;Andow 1988) interfere with host plant colonization. The ®nding of fewer¯ea beetles on a brassica cultivar in a diverse cropping system than on a brassica cultivar in a monoculture is consistent with the most of the published literature (Pimentel 1961;Tahvanainen and Root 1972;Root 1973;Cromartie 1975;Altieri and Gliessman 1983;Latheef and Ortiz 1984;Altieri et al 1985;Altieri and Schmidt 1986;Andow et al 1986;Weiss et al 1994).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Similarly, weeds can interfere with or encourage natural enemies (Andow 1988). Some studies have demonstrated that a particular weed species (Altieri and Gliessman 1983;Latheef and Ortiz 1984;Altieri et al 1985;Altieri and Schmidt 1986;Andow et al 1986;Kloen and Altieri 1990), or various mixtures of weed species (Dempster 1969;Tahvanainen and Root 1972;Cromartie 1975;Horn 1981) can in¯uence insect herbivores of the associated crop species, and the predators and parasitoids of the insect pest. However, none of the studies have simultaneously distinguished between weed diversity and weed relatedness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most importantly, in all of the studies on vegetational diversi®cation within agricultural ®elds, little research has shown whether or not the reduction in herbivore populations results in crop yield gain (Andow 1991b). Of the few studies that have measured crop yield and cosmetic damage, some have found that weeds frequently reduce crop yield (Dempster 1969;Dempster and Coaker 1974;Altieri et al 1985) because weeds are encouraged to grow within the ®eld and directly compete with the crop, or that although yield is reduced, cosmetic damage is also reduced (Altieri and Schmidt 1986), but not enough to defer economic loss (Latheef and Ortiz 1984). Other examples have shown weeds to increase crop plant yield (Pitre and Boyd 1970;Altieri et al 1985) or to have no eect on yield (Kloen and Altieri 1990;Altieri and Gliessman 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The impact of weed diversity on insect population dynamics and crop yield in collards, Brassica oleraceae (Brassicaceae)

Schellhorn

Sork

1997

Oecologia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vegetational diversity within agricultural fields is often suggested as a means to reduce insect herbivore populations and to increase their natural enemies. In this paper we compare population densities of herbivores, predators, and parasitoids on collards in monocultures and on collards interplanted with two different groups of weeds, one with weed species from the same plant family as the collards (Brassicaceae) and one with weed species from unrelated plant families (non-Brassicaceae). The collards in the Brassicaceae weed polyculture had higher densities (number of herbivores/mean leaf area (cm) per plant) of specialist herbivores than collards in the non-Brassicaceae weed polyculture and in collard monoculture. The "resource concentration" hypothesis is supported by the observation of higher populations of Phyllotreta spp., acting as facultative polyphages, in the Brassicaceae weed polyculture than in the non-Brassicaceae weed polyculture where Phyllotreta spp. are facultative monophages. Population densities of natural enemies (mostly coccinellids, carabids, and staphylinids) were higher in the polycultures than in the monoculture: carabid and staphylinid predators may be responsible for larval mortality in the imported cabbage worm, Pieris␣rapae, and in the diamondback larvae, Plutella xylostella. In spite of differences in densities of specialist herbivores across treatments, crop yield, leaf area (cm), the proportion of leaf area damaged, and the number of leaves undamaged did not differ. These findings suggest that plant competition may interfere with attempts to reduce herbivore damage. We conclude that the use of weedy cultures can provide effective means of reducing herbivores if the crop and weed species are not related and plant competition is prevented.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The impact of weed diversity on insect population dynamics and crop yield in collards, Brassica oleraceae (Brassicaceae)

Schellhorn

Sork

1997

Oecologia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although chemicals of tansy are known to repel or deter several insects (Brewer & Ball, 1981;Latheef & Ortiz, 1984;Panasiuk, 1984), in the predatory insects of the present study no such clear repulsive effect was caused by the tansy compounds that are present in the faecal shields. Although chemicals of tansy are known to repel or deter several insects (Brewer & Ball, 1981;Latheef & Ortiz, 1984;Panasiuk, 1984), in the predatory insects of the present study no such clear repulsive effect was caused by the tansy compounds that are present in the faecal shields.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Variation in the effectiveness of abdominal shields of cassidine larvae against predators

Müller¹

2002

Entomologia Exp Applicata

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The abdominal shields of the larvae of two tansy [Tanacetum (Chrysanthemum) vulgare L., Asteraceae] feeding species of Cassida (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) were tested for their ability to deter attacks by predatory insects. Cassida stigmatica Suffr. which carries an abdominal shield made of the exuviae only, and C. denticollis Suffr. which builds a compact faecal shield, were compared. Adult earwigs (Forficula auricularia L., Dermaptera: Forficulidae), adult ladybird beetles (Coccinella septempunctata (L.), Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), and larval lacewings (Chrysoperla carnea Steph., Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) were used as predators and tested in dual choice bioassays. Against earwigs, shields of both cassidine species acted as a protective device. Earwigs preferred to feed on larvae without shields over larvae with intact shields. Adult ladybirds did not differentiate between C. stigmatica larvae with and without exuvial shields. However, C. denticollis larvae with faecal shields were contacted at a higher frequency by ladybird beetles, even though they were less often consumed, i.e., their shield served as protection.In an olfactometer assay, faecal shields of C. denticollis were shown to have no attractive effect on the ladybird beetles. The protection for larvae with shields is likely to be caused by mechanical effects, namely the ability to move the shields. Control insects, where faecal shields of C. denticollis were glued on larvae of Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), could not move their shields and were consequently consumed by the predator. Feeding by larvae of lacewings was not influenced by the presence or absence of the faecal shield. Thus, the effectiveness of the abdominal shields of tansy-feeding cassidine larvae varies with predator species, and might be based more on mechanical, than on chemical modes of action.

show abstract

“…Also, observations of the flea beetle, P. cruciferae, indicated that tansy (Tanecetum vulgare) inhibited colonization by adults (Latheef and Ortiz 1984). Kimani et al (2000) showed that airborne volatiles from Melinis minutiflora repelled ovipositioning by the spotted stem borer on intercropped maize.…”

Section: Pest Deterrence or Repellencementioning

confidence: 99%

Plant species diversity for sustainable management of crop pests and diseases in agroecosystems: a review

Ratnadass

Fernandes

Avelino

et al. 2011

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

553

329

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Farmers are facing serious plant protection issues and phytosanitary risks, in particular in the tropics. Such issues are food insecurity, lower income in traditional lowinput agroecosystems, adverse effects of pesticide use on human health and on the environment in intensive systems and export restrictions due to strict regulations on quarantine pests and limits on pesticide residues. To provide more and better food to populations in both the southern and northern hemispheres in a sustainable manner, there is a need for a drastic reduction in pesticide use while keeping crop pest and disease damage under control. This can be achieved by breaking with industrial agriculture and using an agroecological approach, whose main pillar is the conservation or introduction of plant diversity in agroecosystems. Earlier literature suggest that increasing vegetational biodiversity in agroecosystems can reduce the impact of pests and diseases by the following mechanisms: (1) resource dilution and stimulo-deterrent diversion, (2) disruption of the spatial cycle, (3) disruption of the temporal cycle, (4) allelopathy effects, (5) general and specific soil suppressiveness, (6) crop physiological resistance, (7) conservation of natural enemies and facilitation of their action against aerial pests and (8) direct and indirect architectural/ physical effects. Here we review the reported examples of such effects on a broad range of pathogens and pests, e.g. insects, mites, myriapods, nematodes, parasitic weeds, fungi, bacteria and viruses across different cropping systems. Our review confirms that it is not necessarily true that vegetational diversification reduces the incidence of pests and diseases. The ability of some pests and pathogens to use a wide range of plants as alternative hosts/reservoirs is the main limitation to the suppressive role of this strategy, but all other pathways identified for the control of pests and disease based on plant species diversity (PSD) also have certain limitations. Improving our understanding of the mechanisms involved should enable us to explain how, where and when exceptions to the above principle are likely to occur, with a view to developing sustainable agroecosystems based on enhanced ecological processes of pest and disease control by optimized vegetational diversification.

show abstract

Influence of Companion Herbs on Phyllotreta cruciferae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Collard Plants

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

The impact of weed diversity on insect population dynamics and crop yield in collards, Brassica oleraceae (Brassicaceae)

The impact of weed diversity on insect population dynamics and crop yield in collards, Brassica oleraceae (Brassicaceae)

Variation in the effectiveness of abdominal shields of cassidine larvae against predators

Plant species diversity for sustainable management of crop pests and diseases in agroecosystems: a review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About