Influence of combined visual and vestibular cues on human perception and control of horizontal rotation

Zacharias, Greg L.; Young, Laurence R.

doi:10.1007/bf00236605

Cited by 201 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For example, gaze stability studies (Crawford 1964;Paige 1983;Robinson 1977) suggest that ocular stability is more vestibular dependent at high frequencies and visual dependent at low frequencies, since these studies report that the VOR gain acts like a high-pass filter, and optokinetic gain as a low-pass filter. Similar findings have been reported for postural stability (Bles et al 1983;Peterka and Benolken 1995) and when controlling a vehicle (Zacharias and Young 1981). In both reflexes and perception, dynamics originate from the sensory periphery and central processing (as well as motor responses for reflexes), but these dynamics are not necessarily the same.…”

Section: Dynamics Of Vestibular and Visual Perceptual Thresholdssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Bayesian integration for static roll orientation has been demonstrated (Clemens et al 2011;De Vrijer et al 2009), and perceptual visual-vestibular interaction has been studied in roll tilt (e.g., Dichgans et al 1972;Zacharias and Young 1981), but this is the first experimental study to examine optimal integration using thresholds determined with dynamic roll tilt stimuli.…”

Section: Dynamics Of Vestibular and Visual Perceptual Thresholdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual and vestibular perceptual thresholds each demonstrate better precision at specific frequencies and also exhibit optimal integration

Karmali

Lim

Merfeld

2014

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Karmali F, Lim K, Merfeld DM. Visual and vestibular perceptual thresholds each demonstrate better precision at specific frequencies and also exhibit optimal integration. J Neurophysiol 111: 2393-2403, 2014. First published December 26, 2013 doi:10.1152/jn.00332.2013.-Prior studies show that visual motion perception is more precise than vestibular motion perception, but it is unclear whether this is universal or the result of specific experimental conditions. We compared visual and vestibular motion precision over a broad range of temporal frequencies by measuring thresholds for vestibular (subject motion in the dark), visual (visual scene motion) or visual-vestibular (subject motion in the light) stimuli. Specifically, thresholds were measured for motion frequencies spanning a two-decade physiological range (0.05-5 Hz) using single-cycle sinusoidal acceleration roll tilt trajectories (i.e., distinguishing left-side down from right-side down). We found that, while visual and vestibular thresholds were broadly similar between 0.05 and 5.0 Hz, each cue is significantly more precise than the other at certain frequencies. Specifically, we found that 1) visual and vestibular thresholds were indistinguishable at 0.05 Hz and 2 Hz (i.e., similarly precise); 2) visual thresholds were lower (i.e., vision more precise) than vestibular thresholds between 0.1 Hz and 1 Hz; and 3) visual thresholds were higher (i.e., vision less precise) than vestibular thresholds above 2 Hz. This shows that vestibular perception can be more precise than visual perception at physiologically relevant frequencies. We also found that sensory integration of visual and vestibular information is consistent with static Bayesian optimal integration of visual-vestibular cues. In contrast with most prior work that degraded or altered sensory cues, we demonstrated static optimal integration using natural cues.

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Section: Dynamics Of Vestibular and Visual Perceptual Thresholdssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Dynamics Of Vestibular and Visual Perceptual Thresholdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual and vestibular perceptual thresholds each demonstrate better precision at specific frequencies and also exhibit optimal integration

Karmali

Lim

Merfeld

2014

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…Traditionally popular "sensory conflict" accounts of self-motion perception and motion sickness [42,57] predict that vection in HMDs should be reduced, and motion sickness should be increased, by more visual-inertial conflict. Of the three visual compensation conditions tested, the most ecological "compensated" condition was expected to generate the least visual-inertial conflict (since inertial inputs arising from head motion were accompanied -after a finite delay -by compatible visual motion).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vection and cybersickness generated by head-and-display motion in the Oculus Rift

2017

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Cybersickness is often experienced when viewing virtual environments through head-mounted displays (HMDs). This study examined whether vection (i.e., illusory self-motion) and mismatches between perceived and physical head motions contribute to such adverse experiences. Observers made oscillatory yaw head rotations while viewing stereoscopic optic flow through an Oculus Rift HMD. Vection and cybersickness were measured under 3 conditions of visual compensation for physical head movements: "compensated", "uncompensated", and "inversely compensated". When a nearer aperture was simulated by the HMD, vection was found to be strongest in the "compensated" condition and weakest in the "inversely compensated" condition. However, vection was similar for all 3 conditions during full-field exposures. Cybersickness was most severe for the "inversely compensated" condition, but was not different for the other two conditions. We conclude that mismatches between perceived and physical head-movements can contribute strongly to cybersickness. The relationship between vection and cybersickness is weaker and appears complex. Cybersickness is often experienced when viewing virtual environments through headmounted displays (HMDs). This study examined whether vection (i.e., illusory self-motion) and mismatches between perceived and physical head motions contribute to such adverse experiences. Observers made oscillatory yaw head rotations while viewing stereoscopic optic flow through an Oculus Rift HMD. Vection and cybersickness were measured under 3 conditions of visual compensation for physical head movements: "compensated", "uncompensated", and "inversely compensated". When a nearer aperture was simulated by the HMD, vection was found to be strongest in the "compensated" condition and weakest in the "inversely compensated" condition. However, vection was similar for all 3 conditions during full-field exposures. Cybersickness was most severe for the "inversely compensated" condition, but was not different for the other two conditions. We conclude that mismatches between perceived and physical head-movements can contribute strongly to cybersickness. The relationship between vection and cybersickness is weaker and appears complex.

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“…Little is known about whether neural integration occurs before the points of convergence. Thus, weighting of the different sensory inputs prior to the nodal points, hypothesized by Zacharias and Young (1981), is a complex sort of integration that has no known neural basis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived orientation, motion, and configuration of the body during viewing of an off-vertical, rotating surface

DiZio

Lackner

1986

Perception & Psychophysics

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Dynamic patterns of activity from multiple receptor systems, as well as efferent signals associated with voluntary movements, influence perceived body motion. The experiment to be described explored how these factors interrelate in influencing apparent body motion. It involved exposing stationary, reclining subjects to a patterned surface which rotated around a vertical or an off-vertical axis. We were able to create situations in which the combined patterns of visual, otolithic, somatosensory, and semicircular canal stimulation actually present were not consistent with body motion in a terrestrial environment. Nevertheless, all of our subjects experienced self-rotation and displacement around a vertical axis. A variety of changes in apparent body orientation, body configuration, and slant ofthe visual surface occurred concurrently with the elicitation of apparent body rotation. These perceptual remappings were such as to be consistent both with the rotary visual stimulation present and with the absence of changes in otolithic and somatosensory inputs. They were achieved through a reinterpretation of the static otolithic, somatosensory, and proprioceptive signals present. Our findings demonstrate that perceived body motion also depends on representations of what combinations of sensory input are possible in a terrestrial environment.

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Influence of combined visual and vestibular cues on human perception and control of horizontal rotation

Cited by 201 publications

References 13 publications

Visual and vestibular perceptual thresholds each demonstrate better precision at specific frequencies and also exhibit optimal integration

Visual and vestibular perceptual thresholds each demonstrate better precision at specific frequencies and also exhibit optimal integration

Vection and cybersickness generated by head-and-display motion in the Oculus Rift

Perceived orientation, motion, and configuration of the body during viewing of an off-vertical, rotating surface

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