Influence of coccidiosis on growth rate and feed conversion in broilers after experimental infections with<i>Eimeria acervulina</i>and<i>Eimeria maxima</i>

Voeten, A. C.; Braunius, W.W.; Orthel, F.W.; Rijen, M A van

doi:10.1080/01652176.1988.9694182

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, contrary to the observed improvement trend in performance during the grower period, challenged birds, both PC and DFM, had similar BW at the end of the study. These findings are likely due to the compensatory growth potential of fast-growing broilers (32). Further, growth promoting effects of the DFM may be more efficient and pronounced at industrial standards compared to controlled trial as commercial birds are typically exposed to more stressors than a single challenge (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Direct Fed Microbial Supplementation on Performance, Intestinal Morphology and Immune Response of Broiler Chickens Challenged With Coccidiosis

et al. 2019

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Poultry coccidiosis is a costly intestinal disease that leads to considerable tissue damage, inefficient nutrient absorption, increased mortality, and predisposition to secondary infections. This study evaluated the effects of a direct feed microbial (DFM) dietary additive on performance, intestinal morphology, and immune response of broilers during a mixed coccidiosis challenge. In total, 840 Cobb500 male broilers were randomly allocated to 3 treatments (7 replicates, 40 birds/pen) including negative control (NC) fed basal diet; positive control (PC) fed basal diet with coccidiosis challenge; and DFM supplemented diet, with coccidiosis challenge. At 15 days of age, all birds except for the NC treatment were orally gavaged with live oocysts of a commercial vaccine. On d 21 (6 days post challenge), 4 birds/pen were randomly selected and euthanized for scoring of coccidia-caused lesions in the duodenum, jejunum, and ceca. Body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded on d 7, 14, 28, and 42. Jejunal and ileal tissue samples were taken for histomorphological assessment from 2 birds/pen on d 21. Ileal samples were also taken for mRNA expression analysis on d 14 and d 21. The DFM birds had significantly greater BWG than PC birds during d 0-21 (P < 0.05). No differences were observed among the treatment groups in terms of FI and FCR. Dietary DFM supplementation significantly reduced lesion scores in the duodenum and jejunum when compared with PC group (P < 0.05). The coccidia challenge significantly reduced (P < 0.05) ileal villus height when compared to the non-challenged group on d 21. Conversely, dietary DFM supplementation alleviated the negative effects of coccidiosis by increasing ileal villus area on d 21 (P < 0.05). The challenged birds had significantly greater expression of IFN-γ and IL-1β in the ileum on d 21. Based on these findings, dietary DFM supplementation may help restore broiler performance during the starter and early grower periods during coccidiosis, likely by maintaining gut integrity via improving intestinal morphology and also by reducing disease severity as manifested by lower lesion scores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Direct Fed Microbial Supplementation on Performance, Intestinal Morphology and Immune Response of Broiler Chickens Challenged With Coccidiosis

et al. 2019

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“…A high prevalence of E. acervulina, E. maxima and E. tenella was found despite the use of anticoccidials. Although coccidiosis lesions were generally mild, even low lesion scores may result in (temporary) growth depression (Conway et al, 1990) and subclinical coccidiosis may impair technical performance (Voeten et al, 1988). This implies that interventions to support intestinal health might be required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of histopathological intestinal lesions and enteric pathogens in Dutch commercial broilers with time

et al. 2016

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Intestinal disease has a major impact on the broiler industry due to economic and welfare reasons. Intestinal disease might occur due to a large number of reasons varying from well-defined pathogens to non-specific enteritis and complex syndromes. However, knowledge about the nature of intestinal disease and presence of enteric viruses in the Dutch broiler industry is largely absent. Therefore, a large-scale field study, in which 98 broiler flocks from 86 farms were sampled weekly, was started to assess the prevalence of histopathological lesions in the jejunum, a number of enterotropic viruses by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) and coccidia by lesion scoring. Histopathological lesions indicative of intestinal disease were found in all flocks examined. The pathogens investigated were chicken astrovirus (99% of flocks positive), avian nephritis virus 3 (100%), rotavirus A (95%), rotavirus D (52%), reovirus (100%), Eimeria acervulina (94%), E. maxima (49%) and E. tenella (40%). The enteric viruses were more prevalent in the first weeks of the growing period, while coccidiosis was more frequently found at 4 and 5 weeks of age. The abundant presence of the enteric viruses and enteric disorders stresses the need to elucidate the role of these viruses in intestinal disease. Furthermore, the high prevalence of coccidiosis despite the use of anticoccidials shows that the current coccidial management programmes might be insufficient in controlling this disease.

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“…Sampling was done 13 d after challenged with the intention of mucosal collection during the recovery phase. This is based on the fact that all the birds in this study were raised on the floor coupled with the fact that the peak of Eimeria parasite life cycle is between day 4 and day 7 post infection (Voeten et al 1988). This would allow for a minimum of one recycling of oocytes in the litter back into the birds' GIT.…”

Section: Birds and Experimental Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response in jejunal and ileal nutrient and energy digestibility and the expression of markers of intestinal inflammation in broiler chickens to coccidial vaccine challenge and phytase supplementation

Adedokun¹,

Adeola²

2016

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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The objective of this study was to determine the effect of phytase supplementation and coccidial vaccine challenge (CVC) on jejunal and ileal nutrient and energy digestibility and the expression of genes of some markers of inflammation and nutrient transporters in broilers. Ross 708 broilers (384 males) were randomly assigned to six treatments in a factorial arrangement with two levels of CVC (0× or 25×) and three levels of phytase [0, 1000, or 5000 phytase units (FTU) kg −1 diet] with eight birds per pen and eight replicates per treatment. On day 42 post hatching, 192 birds received no challenge (NCH) or challenged (CHA) with 25× coccidial vaccine. Birds received the experimental diets from day 49 post hatching until day 55. Jejunal dry matter and energy digestibility decreased (P < 0.05) with CVC, but phytase supplementation increased (P < 0.05) nitrogen (49.1%-55.2%) and phosphorus (18.0%-58.3%) digestibility. Ileal nitrogen and P digestibility increased (P < 0.05) with phytase supplementation. In the jejunum, CVC (P = 0.053) and phytase (P = 0.063) showed a tendency to decrease the expression of active sodium-dependent phosphate transporter. The results from this study show that the interaction between CVC and phytase resulted in higher feed efficiency (at the level of 5000 FTU), lower jejunal dry matter digestibility (DMD), and digestible energy (at the level of 1000 FTU). Also, older broilers, especially those with gastrointestinal tract inflammation (CHA), may benefit more from phytase super dosing compared with the NCH birds.

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Influence of coccidiosis on growth rate and feed conversion in broilers after experimental infections withEimeria acervulinaandEimeria maxima

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Effects of Dietary Direct Fed Microbial Supplementation on Performance, Intestinal Morphology and Immune Response of Broiler Chickens Challenged With Coccidiosis

Effects of Dietary Direct Fed Microbial Supplementation on Performance, Intestinal Morphology and Immune Response of Broiler Chickens Challenged With Coccidiosis

Prevalence of histopathological intestinal lesions and enteric pathogens in Dutch commercial broilers with time

The response in jejunal and ileal nutrient and energy digestibility and the expression of markers of intestinal inflammation in broiler chickens to coccidial vaccine challenge and phytase supplementation

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