Influence of coatings on degradation and osseointegration of open porous Mg scaffolds in vivo

Witting, L.M.; Waselau, Anja‐Christina; Feichtner, Franziska; Wurm, Lisa; Julmi, Stefan; Klose, Christian; Gartzke, Ann-Kathrin; Maier, Hans Jürgen; Wriggers, Peter; Meyer‐Lindenberg, Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.mtla.2020.100949

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…2,3 Currently, there are many studies dealing with preparation of special biofunctional materials for engineering of different tissues, [4][5][6] including bone tissue. 7,8 Among various materials for bone defect substitution, the resorbable osteoconductive scaffolds, which are able to induce an efficient formation of the natural autogenous bone tissue, are of major scientific interest. 9,10 The properties of scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration should fall into the fine equilibrium between biocompatibility, biodegradability, and accessibility of porous structure for cells from one side, and appropriate mechanical properties from another one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the recent years, the focus has been changed to the development of biologically active materials which are able to regulate interactions with cells as well as to control their functions 2,3 . Currently, there are many studies dealing with preparation of special biofunctional materials for engineering of different tissues, 4–6 including bone tissue 7,8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D‐Printed composite scaffolds based on poly(ε‐caprolactone) filled with poly(glutamic acid)‐modified cellulose nanocrystals for improved bone tissue regeneration

et al. 2022

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The manufacturing of modern scaffolds with customized geometry and personalization has become possible due to the three‐dimensional (3D) printing technique. A novel type of 3D‐printed scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration based on poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) filled with nanocrystalline cellulose modified by poly(glutamic acid) (PGlu‐NCC) has been proposed in this study. The 3D printing set‐ups were optimized in order to obtain homogeneous porous scaffolds. Both polymer composites and manufactured 3D scaffolds have demonstrated mechanical properties suitable for a human trabecular bone. Compression moduli were in the range of 334–396 MPa for non‐porous PCL and PCL‐based composites, and 101–122 MPa for porous scaffolds made of the same materials. In vitro mineralization study with the use of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) revealed the larger Ca deposits on the surface of PCL/PGlu‐NCC composite scaffolds. Implantation of the developed 3D scaffolds into femur of the rabbits was carried out to observe close and delayed effects. The histological analysis showed the lowest content of immune cells and thin fibrous capsule, revealing low toxicity of the PCL/PGlu‐NCC scaffolds seeded with rabbit MSCs (rMSCs) to the surrounding tissues. The most pronounced result on the generation of new bone tissue after implantation of PCL/PGlu‐NCC + rMSCs scaffolds was detected by both microcomputed tomography and histological analysis. Around 33% and 55% of bone coverage were detected for composite 3D scaffolds with adhered rMSCs after 1 and 3 months of implantation, respectively. This achievement can be a result of synergistic effect of PGlu, which attracts calcium ions, and stem cells with osteogenic potential.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D‐Printed composite scaffolds based on poly(ε‐caprolactone) filled with poly(glutamic acid)‐modified cellulose nanocrystals for improved bone tissue regeneration

et al. 2022

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“…18 In initial studies, various Mg alloys were also investigated as bone replacement material in the form of open-pored cylinders with promising results in the rabbit model. [19][20][21][22][23] Several studies have demonstrated that the magnesium ions released during degradation have the advantage of osteogenic and bactericidal effects. [24][25][26][27][28] The disadvantage of using Mg-based implants and bone substitutes is the formation of hydrogen gas during the degradation process depending on the alloying components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30,34,35 Porous cylinders of this alloy have also been investigated as bone substitutes in non-weight bearing cancellous bone defects and showed good biocompatibility with slow homogeneous degradation and promising osseointegration. [21][22][23] To further increase corrosion resistance, both Mg solids and bone substitutes are additionally coated. [36][37][38] MgF 2 has been reported in the literature to improve corrosion properties and has shown to be very biocompatible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,37,41 It is further described that CaP improves the activity of osteoblasts and promotes bone growth. 23,42,43 A CaP coating exhibits a similar chemical component to the mineral portion of mammalian bone and is characterized by excellent biocompatibility. [44][45][46] As the accessible literature currently lacks in vivo studies of porous LAE442 scaffolds as a bone graft substitute in partial weight-bearing bone defects, this topic was investigated in the present study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vivo investigation of open-pored magnesium scaffolds LAE442 with different coatings in an open wedge defect

Schmidt

Waselau

Feichtner

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials

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The magnesium alloy LAE442 showed promising results as a bone substitute in numerous studies in non-weight bearing bone defects. This study aimed to investigate the in vivo behavior of wedge-shaped open-pored LAE442 scaffolds modified with two different coatings (magnesium fluoride (MgF2, group 1)) or magnesium fluoride/calcium phosphate (MgF2/CaP, group 2)) in a partial weight-bearing rabbit tibia defect model. The implantation of the scaffolds was performed as an open wedge corrective osteotomy in the tibia of 40 rabbits and followed for observation periods of 6, 12, 24, and 36 weeks. Radiological and microcomputed tomographic examinations were performed in vivo. X-ray microscopic, histological, histomorphometric, and SEM/EDS analyses were performed at the end of each time period. µCT measurements and X-ray microscopy showed a slight decrease in volume and density of the scaffolds of both coatings. Histologically, endosteal and periosteal callus formation with good bridging and stabilization of the osteotomy gap and ingrowth of bone into the scaffold was seen. The MgF2 coating favored better bridging of the osteotomy gap and more bone-scaffold contacts, especially at later examination time points. Overall, the scaffolds of both coatings met the requirement to withstand the loads after an open wedge corrective osteotomy of the proximal rabbit tibia. However, in addition to the inhomogeneous degradation behavior of individual scaffolds, an accumulation of gas appeared, so the scaffold material should be revised again regarding size dimension and composition.

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Porous Mg–Zn–Ca scaffolds for bone repair: a study on microstructure, mechanical properties and in vitro degradation behavior

Huo,

Li,

Jiang

et al. 2024

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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Biodegradable porous Mg scaffolds are a promising approach to bone repair. In this work, 3D-spherical porous Mg–1.5Zn–0.2Ca (wt.%) scaffolds were prepared by vacuum infiltration casting technology, and MgF2 and fluorapatite coatings were designed to control the degradation behavior of Mg-based scaffolds. The results showed that the pores in Mg-based scaffolds were composed of the main spherical pores (450–600 μm) and interconnected pores (150–200 μm), and the porosity was up to 74.97%. Mg-based porous scaffolds exhibited sufficient mechanical properties with a compressive yield strength of about 4.04 MPa and elastic modulus of appropriately 0.23 GPa. Besides, both MgF2 coating and fluorapatite coating could effectively improve the corrosion resistance of porous Mg-based scaffolds. In conclusion, this research would provide data support and theoretical guidance for the application of biodegradable porous Mg-based scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. Graphical Abstract

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Influence of coatings on degradation and osseointegration of open porous Mg scaffolds in vivo

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

3D‐Printed composite scaffolds based on poly(ε‐caprolactone) filled with poly(glutamic acid)‐modified cellulose nanocrystals for improved bone tissue regeneration

3D‐Printed composite scaffolds based on poly(ε‐caprolactone) filled with poly(glutamic acid)‐modified cellulose nanocrystals for improved bone tissue regeneration

In vivo investigation of open-pored magnesium scaffolds LAE442 with different coatings in an open wedge defect

Porous Mg–Zn–Ca scaffolds for bone repair: a study on microstructure, mechanical properties and in vitro degradation behavior

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