Influence of cigarette smoking on thyroid function, goiter formation and autoimmune thyroid disorders

Pontikides, Nikolaos; Krassas, G.E.

doi:10.14310/horm.2002.1156

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Moreover, SH impairs ventricular function as well as cardiovascular and respiratory adaptation to effort and, decreases heart rate variability impairs flow-mediated vasodilation, which is a marker of endothelial function 43 . Smoking may deteriorate the lipid profile in women with SH and aggravate the degree of thyroid failure, thus contributing to the development of atherosclerosis 44,45 .…”

Section: B Subclinical Hypothyroidismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyslipidemia in patients with thyroid disorders

Liberopoulos¹,

Elisaf²

2002

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Thyroid disorders are known to influence lipid metabolism and are common in dyslipidemic patients. Overt and subclinical hypothyroidism have an adverse effect on the serum lipid profile that may predispose to the development of atherosclerotic disease. Although thyroid substitution therapy is beneficial for patients with overt hypothyroidism, the question of whether subclinical hypothyroidism must be treated remains unanswered. The association between thyroid autoimmunity and lipoprotein (a) levels is controversial. Hyperthyroidism may be the underlying cause for acquired hypocholesterolemia or unexpected improvement of the lipid profile of a previously hyperlipidemic patient.

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Section: B Subclinical Hypothyroidismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyslipidemia in patients with thyroid disorders

Liberopoulos¹,

Elisaf²

2002

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“…Thyroid abnormalities may be associated with smoking (12)(13)(14)(15)(16). In iodine-deficient populations, a positive association between smoking and multinodular goitre and between smoking and the level of thyroglobulin has been reported (13,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking is negatively associated with the presence of thyroglobulin autoantibody and to a lesser degree with thyroid peroxidase autoantibody in serum: a population study

Pedersen¹,

Laurberg²,

Knudsen³

et al. 2008

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Background: Autoimmune thyroid diseases are common and the prevalence of circulating thyroid antibodies (thyroid peroxidase antibody, TPO-Ab and thyroglobulin antibody, Tg-Ab) is high in the population. The knowledge of a possible association between lifestyle factors and circulating thyroid antibodies is limited. Aim: To evaluate the correlation between smoking habits and the presence of circulating TPO-Ab and Tg-Ab. Material and methods: In a cross-sectional comparative population study performed in two areas of Denmark with moderate and mild iodine deficiency, 4649 randomly selected subjects from the population in some predefined age groups between 18 and 65 years were examined. Blood tests were analysed for TPO-Ab and Tg-Ab using assays based on the RIA technique. The participants answered questionnaires, were clinically examined and blood and urine samples collected. Results: Data were analysed in multivariate logistic regression models. There was a negative association between smoking and the presence of thyroid autoantibodies in serum. This association was observed for the presence of TPO-Ab and/or Tg-Ab, TPO-Ab (without respect to Tg-Ab status), Tg-Ab (without respect to TPO-Ab status) and both antibodies together. The association between smoking and thyroid autoantibodies was stronger for Tg-Ab than for TPO-Ab. There was no association between smoking and TPO-Ab measured alone or between smoking and TPO-Ab when Tg-Ab was included in the model as an explanatory variable. Conclusion: Smoking was negatively associated with the presence of thyroid autoantibodies with the strongest association between smoking and Tg-Ab. The study design precludes any conclusions as to the cause of the negative association between smoking thyroid autoantibodies.

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“…SCN-, which acts mainly by preventing iodine capture, may not be a very important goitrogenic cofactor in iodine-sufficient areas (Pontikides and Krassas, 2002). Although not significant, smoker patients with the wildtype genotype had larger thyroid volumes, contrary to the result reported by Jörn et al (2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Is the TSHR D727E polymorphism a genetic predisposition for multinodular goiter in the Turkish population?

Gozu

Özçelik²,

Aloğlu³

et al. 2016

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. The D727E germline polymorphism in the thyroidstimulating hormone receptor gene (TSHR) may cause genetic susceptibility to the development of goiter. Therefore, in this study we investigated allele frequencies and genotype distributions of the TSHR D727E polymorphism, their association with clinical parameters, and the development of goiter in the Turkish population. We investigated the TSHR D727E polymorphism in 123 patients and 97 healthy subjects using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Peripheral blood was used for DNA 2 H.I. Gözü et al. Genetics and Molecular Research 15 (3): gmr.15038504 extraction. Although no significant difference was found in TSHR D727E polymorphism frequencies between the patients with nodular goiters (26/123 patients, 21.1%) and the controls (12/97 patients, 12.4%) (P = 0.107), the frequency of the TSHR D727E polymorphism in the hyperthyroid+subclinical hyperthyroid patient groups (23%) was significantly higher than in the control subjects (12.4%) (P = 0.024). In this study, nodular goiter presented significantly earlier in GC genotype patients (mean age 35 years) than in CC genotype patients (mean age 42 years) in the hyperthyroid group (P = 0.009). More importantly, TSH levels in the GC variant controls were closely significant lower (1.26 ± 0.49) than in the CC variant controls (1.74 ± 0.84) (P = 0.053). The TSHR D727E polymorphism might be involved in the pathogenesis of toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG). Moreover, this polymorphism might be an indication of early-onset TMNG. However, development of MNG is multifactorial. Therefore, further case-control studies with larger populations are required to verify these observations.

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Influence of cigarette smoking on thyroid function, goiter formation and autoimmune thyroid disorders

Cited by 26 publications

References 70 publications

Dyslipidemia in patients with thyroid disorders

Dyslipidemia in patients with thyroid disorders

Smoking is negatively associated with the presence of thyroglobulin autoantibody and to a lesser degree with thyroid peroxidase autoantibody in serum: a population study

Is the TSHR D727E polymorphism a genetic predisposition for multinodular goiter in the Turkish population?

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