Influence of Cd on atrazine degradation and the formation of three primary metabolites in water under the combined pollution

Xie, Dongyu; Chen, Chuansheng; Li, Cui; Wang, Qinghai

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-11819-4

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Experimental zebrafish were acclimatized in tap water (pH 7.0 to 7.5, hardness approximately 50 mg CaCO 3 /L) for at least 1 week, with water temperature controlled at 28 °C and a dark/light photoperiod of 10:14 h [ 31 ]. Then, the zebrafish were exposed to ATZ at the concentrations of 300 (ATZ−L) and 1000 μg/L (ATZ−H) with 0.01% DMSO in water for 21 days; 21 days was a relatively common short-term exposure time for zebrafish, and many previous studies also used 21 days as the exposure time [ 32 ]. Because of the low toxicity of ATZ to fish, the concentrations used in this study were based on a previous study as a reference [ 15 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrazine Exposure Induces Hepatic Metabolism Disorder in Male Adult Zebrafish

Zhang

Wang

Qian

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Atrazine (ATZ) is a herbicide used in agricultural production and has been detected in surface water due to its widespread use worldwide. This may pose a threat to the health of aquatic animals. To explore the ATZ−induced hepatic metabolism disorder, male zebrafish were exposed to 300 and 1000 μg/L ATZ for 21 days, respectively. The results revealed that ATZ exposure significantly reduced hepatic triglyceride (TG) levels, while significantly (p < 0.05) increased pyruvate (PYR) and total cholesterol (TC) levels. In addition, the liver sample from the 1000 μg/L ATZ−treated group was used for GC/MS metabolomic analysis. The principal component analysis (PCA) model showed significant separation of the 1000 μg/L ATZ group from the control group, indicating that ATZ exposure altered hepatic metabolism in male adult zebrafish. A total of 29 significantly (p < 0.05) different metabolites were observed and identified in the ATZ−treated group. Moreover, the most disturbed pathways by ATZ were the arginine and proline metabolic pathways, followed by the glutathione metabolic pathway. Three and two metabolites were significantly altered in the arginine and proline metabolic pathways and glutathione metabolic pathway, respectively. Based on these results, we suggested that ATZ was capable of altering liver metabolism in zebrafish and that its ecological risk to aquatic organisms cannot be ignored.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrazine Exposure Induces Hepatic Metabolism Disorder in Male Adult Zebrafish

Zhang

Wang

Qian

et al. 2022

Toxics

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“…None of the samples exceed the permissible limit 3µg/L. Cadmium is a trace metal present widely in nature (Xie et al 2021) in crust and water. It is used for rusting resistance as well as to stabilized plastics.…”

Section: Physicochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

Comprehensive assessment of groundwater quality using heavy metal pollution indices and geospatial technique: a case study from Wanaparthy watershed of upper Krishna River basin, Telangana, India

Vaiphei

Kurakalva

2021

Environ Earth Sci

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The present study is to characterize groundwater quality using heavy metal pollution indices and geospatial variations. A total of 58 samples from hand pump/submersible bore wells were collected from the Wanaparthy watershed of the upper Krishna River basin according to the grid size (5*6 km 2 ). The heavy metals concentration in groundwater samples are found in the order of Zn(38.67%)> B(32.67%)> Ba(13.59%)> As(8.49%)> Hg(3.71%)> Cr(1.28%)> Ni(0.52%)> Cd(0.47%). Among these heavy metals, arsenic (22.4%) and mercury (5.1%) were found above the permissible limits of WHO drinking water guideline values. A positive correlation between pH versus B/Ba/Hg, TH versus EC/TDS, and B versus Ba indicates the presence of metals due to chemical reaction (rock-water interaction). Arsenic correlation with EC/TDS/TH indicates arti cial intervention. Drainage network analysis enumerates high concentration of parameters at near or joining to upper order of drainage system, which might be due to input of runoff water (interaction of variable rocks composition) and later stage in ltration to subsurface and reached to an aquifer. Heavy metal pollution index (HPI) showed 86.2% of samples are in the category of low class, whereas 12.1% of samples fall within medium class. According to metal index (MI) classi cation, 12.1% samples are in very pure, 24.14% samples are pure, while the remaining 63.8% samples are in the slightly to strongly affect category. This study suggested the main source of heavy metals in groundwater might be from the dominant granitoid rocks because the area is mostly devoid of industrialization.

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“…Cadmium (Cd) is extensively found in water bodies, and its presence is significantly correlated with a series of human activities, such as mining, waste emission, fertilizer application, etc 4 . Besides, Cd and pesticides often co-exist in the same water samples, especially in areas with intensive agricultural and industrial activities 5 . Therefore, aquatic organisms are usually challenged by many contaminants, and exposure to multi-component mixtures may induce substantial toxic impacts, even if the concentrations of these single compounds are lower than their no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined toxicities of cadmium and five agrochemicals to the larval zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Wang

Wan

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Different pollutants usually co-exist in the natural environment, and the ecological and health risk assessment of agrochemicals needs to be carried out based on the combined toxicological effects of pollutants. To examine the combined toxicity to aquatic organisms, the effects of cadmium (Cd) and five pesticides (acetamiprid, carbendazim, azoxystrobin, chlorpyrifos, and bifenthrin) mixture on zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae were assessed. The data from the 96-h toxicity test indicated that bifenthrin possessed the highest toxicity to D. rerio with the LC50 value of 0.15 mg L−1, followed by chlorpyrifos (0.36 mg L−1) and azoxystrobin (0.63 mg L−1). Cd (6.84 mg L−1) and carbendazim (8.53 mg L−1) induced the intermediate toxic responses, while acetamiprid (58.39 mg L−1) presented the lowest toxicity to the organisms. Pesticide mixtures containing chlorpyrifos and bifenthrin or acetamiprid and carbendazim showed synergistic impacts on the zebrafish. Besides, two binary combinations of Cd-acetamiprid and Cd-chlorpyrifos also displayed a synergistic effect on D. rerio. Our results offered a better idea of the mixed ecological risk assessment of Cd and different agricultural chemicals to aquatic organisms. Our findings better interpreted how the interaction between Cd and various agrochemicals changed their toxicity to aquatic vertebrates and provided valuable insights into critical impacts on the ecological hazard of their combinations.

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Influence of Cd on atrazine degradation and the formation of three primary metabolites in water under the combined pollution

Cited by 15 publications

References 50 publications

Atrazine Exposure Induces Hepatic Metabolism Disorder in Male Adult Zebrafish

Atrazine Exposure Induces Hepatic Metabolism Disorder in Male Adult Zebrafish

Comprehensive assessment of groundwater quality using heavy metal pollution indices and geospatial technique: a case study from Wanaparthy watershed of upper Krishna River basin, Telangana, India

Combined toxicities of cadmium and five agrochemicals to the larval zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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