Influence of boiler output and type on gaseous and particulate emissions from the combustion of coal for residential heating

Křůmal, Kamil; Mikuška, Pavel; Horák, Jiří; Hopan, František; Kuboňová, Lenka

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130402

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…EF CO showed the same trend as that observed in PM 2.5 , increasing from 11.1 ± 0.6 to 18.0 ± 1.1 g/kg. There is often a strong correlation between CO and PM 2.5 , as CO is also caused by incomplete combustion [30,31].…”

Section: Emission Factors In This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Performance Evaluation of Novel Bituminous Coal Pellet Combustion in an Automatic Heating Stove

et al. 2022

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Coal is China’s dominant energy source, among which bituminous coal is the most extensive and plentiful. Using bituminous coal resources to design a low-emission household fuel is very important for rural poverty areas. In this work, a new type of bituminous coal pellet (BCP) fuel using an automatic prototype pellet stove was designed for the first time. This study mainly shows the emission characteristic results of BCPs and some comparisons with other commercial solid fuels. Fuel property, PM2.5 morphology, and ash characteristics of the novel fuel were also assessed. In terms of fuel properties, BCPs had a cold compressive strength of 637.2 N, a heating value of 22.26 MJ/kg, and many fine pores in the cross-section for air entry. The real-time emissions of BCPs were stable during combustion. The emission factors of PM2.5 and CO of BCPs were 1.36–2.29 g/kg and 11.1–18.0 g/kg, which were significantly lower than those of bituminous chunk and bituminous briquette (p < 0.05). PM2.5 and CO reduced emissions by 83–90% and 61–76%, respectively, compared with raw coal chunk. According to the chemical composition and morphological characteristics, the PM2.5 from BCP combustion can be divided into fine particulates, molten char particles, and char fragmentation. The ash from BCPs had a higher melting temperature (over 1300 °C), with removable ash agglomeration. Overall, the results presented in this study highlight that turning bituminous coal into pellets and burning them in automatic stoves could noticeably reduce PM2.5 and CO emissions, effectively improving rural air quality.

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Section: Emission Factors In This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Performance Evaluation of Novel Bituminous Coal Pellet Combustion in an Automatic Heating Stove

et al. 2022

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“…There are several methods, including molecular diagnostic ratios (MDRs), the principal component analysis (PCA) method [25,26], the chemical material balance (CMB) model [27], the positive matrix factorization (PMF) method, and stable carbon isotopic ratio analysis [28], used to identify sources of PAHs. In this study, MDRs were used to infer the possible sources of PAHs.…”

Section: Pah Diagnostic Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination Assessment of Mangrove Ecosystems in the Red Sea Coast by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Alhudhodi

Alduwais

Aldhafeeri

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Mangroves are known as a naturally based solution for climate mitigation and adaptation. Mangroves are at a potential risk of degradation by contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this study, sixteen priority PAHs were analyzed and characterized in forty samples of mangrove seawater and mangrove sediments collected from two coastal areas (i.e., Sharm and Khor Rabigh) along the Red Sea Coast of Rabigh city in August 2013. We found that the average concentration of total PAH in mangrove sediments in the Sharam area (22.09 ng/kg) was higher than that in the Alkhor area (6.51 ng/kg). However, the average concentration of the total PAH in the mangrove seawater in the Alkhor area (9.19 ng/L) was double that in the Sharam area (4.33 ng/L). Phenanthrene and pyrene were the major components in both the mangrove seawater and sediment in all the investigated areas. We observed that the abundance of PAHs with 2–3 aromatic rings was dominant in sediment samples collected from both study areas. This abundance was also observed in seawater from the Sharam area. However, seawater samples from the Alkhor area had abundant PAHs with four aromatic rings. The majority of PAHs in sediment samples of both study areas originated from petrogenic sources, whereas the majority of PAHs in seawater samples originated from pyrogenic sources.

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“…PAHs can be formed by multiple anthropogenic activities such as combustion of fossil fuels, or they can be formed naturally in the environment by oil seeps and plant debris and forest and prairie fires. Some methods have been established in order to identify PAH sources: for example, molecular diagnostic ratios (MDRs), the principal component analysis (PCA) method [37,40], the chemical material balance (CMB) model [41], the positive matrix factorization (PMF) method and stable carbon isotopic ratios analysis [42]. In this study, MDRs and PMF were used to identify the major sources and to obtain a reliable conclusion.…”

Section: Molecular Diagnostic Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atmosphere 2021, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW 8 of 15 component analysis (PCA) method [37,40], the chemical material balance (CMB) model [41], the positive matrix factorization (PMF) method and stable carbon isotopic ratios analysis [42]. In this study, MDRs and PMF were used to identify the major sources and to obtain a reliable conclusion.…”

Section: Molecular Diagnostic Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Media Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at Lake Chaohu, the Fifth Largest Fresh Water Lake in China: Residual Levels, Sources and Carcinogenic Risk

Qin

et al. 2021

Atmosphere

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The residual levels of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environment media and freshwater fish were collected and measured from Lake Chaohu by using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Potential atmospheric sources were identified by molecular diagnostic ratios and the positive matrix factorization (PMF) method. PAH exposure doses through inhalation, intake of water and freshwater fish ingestion were estimated by the assessment model recommended by US EPA. The carcinogenic risks of PAH exposure were evaluated by probabilistic risk assessment and Monte Carlo simulation. The following results were obtained: (1) The PAH16 levels in gaseous, particulate phase, water and fish muscles were 59.4 ng·m−3, 14.2 ng·m−3, 170 ng·L−1 and 114 ng·g−1, respectively. No significant urban-rural difference was found between two sampling sites except gaseous BaPeq. The relationship between gaseous PAHs and PAH in water was detected by the application of Spearman correlation analysis. (2) Three potential sources were identified by the PMF model. The sources from biomass combustions, coal combustion and vehicle emission accounted for 43.6%, 30.6% and 25.8% of the total PAHs, respectively. (3) Fish intake has the highest lifetime average daily dose (LADD) of 3.01 × 10−6 mg·kg−1·d−1, followed by the particle inhalation with LADD of 2.94 × 10−6 mg·kg−1·d−1. (4) As a result of probabilistic cancer risk assessment, the median ILCRs were 3.1 × 10−5 to 3.3 × 10−5 in urban and rural residents, which were lower than the suggested serious level but higher than the acceptable level. In summary, the result suggests that potential carcinogenic risk exists among residents around Lake Chaohu. Fish ingestion and inhalation are two major PAH exposure pathways.

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Influence of boiler output and type on gaseous and particulate emissions from the combustion of coal for residential heating

Cited by 21 publications

References 43 publications

Laboratory Performance Evaluation of Novel Bituminous Coal Pellet Combustion in an Automatic Heating Stove

Laboratory Performance Evaluation of Novel Bituminous Coal Pellet Combustion in an Automatic Heating Stove

Contamination Assessment of Mangrove Ecosystems in the Red Sea Coast by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Multi-Media Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at Lake Chaohu, the Fifth Largest Fresh Water Lake in China: Residual Levels, Sources and Carcinogenic Risk

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