Influence of an Orally Effective SOD on Hyperbaric Oxygen-related Cell Damage

Abstract

In a prospective, double-blind, randomised placebocontrolled study, we tested the hypothesis that a new formulation consisting of wheat gliadin chemically combined with a vegetal (thus orally effective) preparation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) allows to prevent hyperbaric oxygen (HBO)-induced oxidative cell stress.Twenty healthy volunteers were exposed to 100% oxygen breathing at 2.5 ATA for a total of 60 min. DNA strand breaks (tail moments) were determined using the alkaline version of the comet assay. Whole blood concentrations of reduced (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG) glutathione and F 2 -isoprostanes, SOD, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (Cat) activities and red cell malondialdehyde (MDA) content were determined.After HBO exposure the tail moment ðp ¼ 0:03Þ and isoprostane levels ðp ¼ 0:049Þ were significantly lower in the group that received the vegetal formulation. Neither SOD and Cat nor GSH and GSSG were significantly affected by this preparation or HBO exposure. By contrast, blood GPx activity, which tended to be lower in the SODgroup already before the HBO exposure ðp ¼ 0:076Þ; was significantly lower afterwards ðp ¼ 0:045Þ:We conclude that an orally effective SOD-wheat gliadin mixture is able to protect against DNA damage, which coincided with reduced blood isoprostane levels, and may therefore be used as an antioxidant.

Increased consumption of wheat biofortified with selenium does not modify biomarkers of cancer risk, oxidative stress, or immune function in healthy Australian males

“…This is because reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced DNA base damage leads to the formation of abasic sites during base-excision repair which are detectable in the alkaline Comet assay and MN and NPB in the CBMN Cyt assay are efficiently induced by ROS such as H 2 O 2 , superoxide, and activated neutrophils [Umegaki and Fenech, 2000;Dotan et al, 2004;Muth et al, 2004;Devaraj et al, 2008]. Furthermore, we felt that it was imEnvironmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.…”

“…Results were mean 6 SEM (>). NS, nonsignificant. portant to use any additional effort and resources to measure other biomarker of oxidative stress such as protein carbonyls and F2-isoprostanes because it is evident that measurement with DNA end-points alone is not sufficient to obtain the full spectrum of ROS-induced damage to the organism [Dotan et al, 2004;Muth et al, 2004;Devaraj et al, 2008]. We did not conduct the challenge assay with ROS because our in vitro studies with human peripheral blood lymphocytes with Se-met, the predominant organic form of selenium, covering both physiological and supraphysiological concentrations, showed no impact on ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage and chromosome aberrations measured using the Comet and the CBMN Cyt assay, respectively [Wu et al, in press].…”

Prevention of inflammation-mediated acquisition of metastatic properties of benign mouse fibrosarcoma cells by administration of an orally available superoxide dismutase

“…In this study, we showed inflammation-promoted tumour progression was prevented by administration of a SOD derivative, oxykine. Recent reports have verified that oxykine protects cells from hyperbaric oxygeninduced oxidative stress, that is, breaks of DNA strand in healthy volunteers (Muth et al, 2004) and that oxykine prevents oxidative stress-mediated diabetic nephropathy in rodent model of type 2 diabetes (Naito et al, 2005). This orally available molecule will be effective in clinical utilisation to prevent both tumour development and progression.…”

Dietary Antioxidants: From Micronutrients and Phytochemicals to Enzymes - Preventive Effects on Early Atherosclerosis and Obesity

“…Given to mice, it exhibited properties similar to Protandim (Vouldoukis et al, 2004 b) leading up to a fourfold increase of circulating and hepatic tissue antioxidant enzyme activities. In healthy volunteers, oral Glisodin® was associated with less lipid peroxidation (Muth et al, 2004). Very recently, these authors demonstrated that a pre-treatment with Glisodin® may be a therapeutic option to reduce oxidative cell injury affiliated with aortic cross-clamping in pigs (Kick et al, 2007).…”