Influence of aging and composition of the precursor sol on the properties of CeO2–TiO2 thin films for electrochromic applications

Environmentally friendly sol - gel-based anticorrosive coatings on aluminum alloy 2024

“…The sols obtained were initially dark red and changed in about two hours producing a colorless sol. This phenomenon is explained by the reduction of Ce 4+ to Ce 3+ state, as reported by Verma et al 15 , which is related to the presence of alcohol in the initial sol 16 , since no color change was observed by these authors in aqueous acidic solutions of ceric ammonium nitrate over a period of several days. The Ce 4+ is a strong oxidizing agent that can easily oxidize an alcohol to the correspondent aldehyde.…”

Effect of heat treatment on corrosion properties of sol–gel titania–ceria nanocomposite coating

“…Three obvious peaks are distinguishable in this figure. The first endothermic peak is positioned about 100 • C which is related to the release of solvent or physisorbed and chemisorbed water contained in the dried sample [12]. Following this endotherm peak there are two other exothermic peaks at 130 and 390 • C. The former is attributed to the combustion of the organic matter of the precursors [12] and the latter is the result of cerianite crystallization [13], which is also corroborated by the X-ray diffraction patterns.…”

“…where d h k l denotes the average crystallite size, the X-ray wavelength of CuK␣ (here 0.154 nm),ˇthe full width of the peak measured at half maximum intensity (FWHM) and  is the Bragg's angle of the peak [12]. The calculation of crystallite size using the Scherer's equation estimated the crystallite size of the coating heat treated at 500 • C to be 22 nm.…”