Influence of Afterripening Temperature and Endogenous Rhythms on Downy Brome (<i>Bromus tectorum</i>) Germination

Thill, Donald C.; Schirman, Roland; Appleby, Arnold P.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500055375

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For example, conditional dormancy of harvested downy brome seed can be overcome either by prechilling (5 C) moistened seed (Steinbauer and Grigsby 1957) or through exposure of dry seed to high temperatures (. 30 C;Thill et al 1980). As a result, downy brome germination trends vary among different habitats and among populations from similar habitats across western North America (Meyer et al 1997).…”

Section: Burial Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Characteristics of Ventenata dubia in the Intermountain Pacific Northwest

Wallace

Pávek²,

Prather

2015

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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Ventenata dubia is an exotic winter annual grass that has invaded Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) lands, improved pastures, intensively managed hay fields, and rangelands within the Intermountain Pacific Northwest (PNW). Currently, producers are attempting to develop V. dubia management strategies with little knowledge of its life history traits. We conducted several studies to characterize V. dubia life history patterns. Preliminary germination trials were completed to describe primary and secondary dormancy characteristics. Field studies were conducted to evaluate (1) seed bank persistence patterns, (2) seedling emergence patterns under V. dubia litter, and (3) seedling emergence and phenological development patterns within timothy hay, CRP, and rangeland habitats. Preliminary germination trials suggest that the after-ripening period required for loss of dormancy does not exceed 30 d and that dormancy breakdown peaks at approximately 90 d, after which germination occurs over a wide range of temperatures (9 to 29 C). A small fraction (< 1%) of the seed bank remained germinable up to 3 yr after burial at 2 cm depth in a grassland habitat. Seedling emergence and survival was significantly greater under high V. dubia litter layers (100% cover) compared with bare surface during the drier study year because of higher soil moisture levels maintained under litter. Across habitat types, mean seedling emergence (50% of total) occurred between 33 and 94 growing degree days (GDD) after soil moisture rose above the permanent wilting point in the fall. Seedling emergence periodicity varied among habitat types in relation to spring seedling emergence, ranging from 0 to 13% of total emergence per year. Phenological development differed across sites and years by up to several hundred GDDs but was closely aligned to Julian days. This collection of studies improves our understanding of V. dubia life history traits and will aid integrated weed management strategies in the Intermountain PNW.

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Section: Burial Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Characteristics of Ventenata dubia in the Intermountain Pacific Northwest

Wallace

Pávek²,

Prather

2015

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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“…Harvested downy brome seeds were separated by gently rubbing panicles on a textured rubber mat. Collected seeds were dry stored in paper bags at approximately 20 C for approximately 4 mo to afterripen (Thill et al 1980). Seeds were then sown in flats containing a standard greenhouse soil mix (Sunshine Mix # 4, Sun Gro Horticulture Canada Ltd.) and covered with the soil mix to a depth of about 1 cm, placed in a greenhouse with a constant temperature of approximately 21 C, and watered to germinate seeds.…”

Section: Management Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aminocyclopyrachlor Herbicide on Downy Brome (Bromus tectorum) Seed Production under Field Conditions

Ball

2014

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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Aminocyclopyrachlor (DPX-MAT28) belongs to a new class of chemistry known as the Pyrimidine Carboxylic Acids. It is a new generation of herbicides belonging to the family of herbicides known as synthetic auxins. This new generation of chemistry has unique properties at both the molecular and whole plant level that translates into more potent herbicidal activity resulting in increased speed of action and in controlling a much wider spectrum of broadleaf weeds.MAT28 provides an effective, broad spectrum of activity on difficult-to-control species such as ALS-and glyphosateresistant weeds, invasive weeds and brush species. Proposed uses for MAT28 include general weed and brush control on private, public and military lands, including uncultivated agricultural and nonagricultural areas, industrial sites and natural areas. Other proposed uses for MAT28 include the release or restoration of native perennial grasses and use in established industrial and professional turf.

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“…For jointed goatgrass, the seed germination rate was 50% and seed production was 75 seeds/plant (Anderson et al 2002;Donald and Ogg 1991;Gealy 1988). The germination rate was 85% and seed production was 150 seeds/ plant for downy brome (Evans and Young 1972;Laude 1956;Thill et al 1980). Herbicide induced mortality (control) ( Figure 1) of susceptible biotypes with imazamox was estimated to be 95% for jointed goatgrass and wild oat and 98% for downy brome, whereas resistant biotypes were not susceptible and control was 0% (Ball and Walenta 1997;Ball et al 1999;Belles and Thill 1998).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbicide-Resistant Grass Weed Development in Imidazolinone-Resistant Wheat: Weed Biology and Herbicide Rotation

Rainbolt

Thill²,

Yenish³

et al. 2004

Weed technol.

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A general life cycle model was modified to demonstrate how agronomic practices and weed biology factors affect the rate of appearance of herbicide-resistant downy brome, jointed goatgrass, and wild oat in Pacific Northwest wheat cropping systems. The model suggests herbicide rotation strategies for cropping systems that include imidazolinone-resistant wheat as a weed management tool. Simulation of continuous annual imidazolinone-resistant winter wheat and imazamox herbicide use resulted in the resistant soil seed banks of downy brome, jointed goatgrass, and wild oat surpassing their susceptible soil seed banks in 5, 7, and 10 yr, respectively. Reducing the initial seed bank density of downy brome before beginning a rotation that includes imidazolinone-resistant winter wheat reduces the likelihood of selecting for herbicide-resistant biotypes. The best simulated management option for reducing the total jointed goatgrass soil seed bank in low-precipitation areas is an imidazolinone-resistant winter wheat–fallow rotation. Rotations that include winter and spring crops and rotations that include non–group 2 herbicides minimize herbicide resistance selection pressure and reduce the wild oat soil seed bank.

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Influence of Afterripening Temperature and Endogenous Rhythms on Downy Brome (Bromus tectorum) Germination

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Ecological Characteristics of Ventenata dubia in the Intermountain Pacific Northwest

Ecological Characteristics of Ventenata dubia in the Intermountain Pacific Northwest

Effects of Aminocyclopyrachlor Herbicide on Downy Brome (Bromus tectorum) Seed Production under Field Conditions

Herbicide-Resistant Grass Weed Development in Imidazolinone-Resistant Wheat: Weed Biology and Herbicide Rotation

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