Influence of Absorption on Measurement of Refractive Index of Films

Heavens, O.S.; Liddell, Heather M.

doi:10.1364/ao.4.000629

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Refractive index is an essential parameter of crystal and it can be determined by many methods [17][18][19][20][21]. Here the refractive index of Sm 3+ :(Ca, Mg, Zr)GGG crystal used in spectra calculation is obtained by absorption spectrum method [21].…”

Section: Refractive Index and Absorption Cross-sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sm3+-doped (Ca,Mg,Zr)GGG crystal: A potential reddish-orange laser crystal

Zhou

Zhang

Xiao

et al. 2010

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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Section: Refractive Index and Absorption Cross-sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sm3+-doped (Ca,Mg,Zr)GGG crystal: A potential reddish-orange laser crystal

Zhou

Zhang

Xiao

et al. 2010

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…These studies are realized using the optical characterization of the films mentioned. An enormous attention has been devoted to developing methods of the optical characterization of homogeneous thin films (see e.g., [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]). Less attention has been devoted to the optical characterization of inhomogeneous thin films [20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optics of Inhomogeneous Thin Films with Defects: Application to Optical Characterization

2020

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This review paper is devoted to optics of inhomogeneous thin films exhibiting defects consisting in transition layers, overlayers, thickness nonuniformity, boundary roughness and uniaxial anisotropy. The theoretical approaches enabling the inclusion of these defects into formulae expressing the optical quantities of these inhomogeneous thin films are summarized. These approaches are based on the recursive and matrix formalisms for the transition layers and overlayers, averaging of the elements of the Mueller matrix using local thickness distribution or polynomial formulation for the thickness nonuniformity, scalar diffraction theory and Rayleigh-Rice theory or their combination for boundary roughness and Yeh matrix formalism for uniaxial anisotropy. The theoretical results are illustrated using selected examples of the optical characterization of the inhomogeneous polymer-like thin films exhibiting the combination of the transition layers and thickness nonuniformity and inhomogeneous thin films of nonstoichiometric silicon nitride with the combination of boundary roughness and uniaxial anisotropy. This characterization is realized by variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry and spectroscopic reflectometry. It is shown that using these optical techniques, the complete optical characterization of the mentioned thin films can be performed. Thus, it is presented that the values of all the parameters characterizing these films can be determined.

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“…The refractive index of the films was measured using the Brewster angle technique. [27,28] The second-order NLO coefficient d 33 was estimated on the basis of the second harmonic signal intensity and the refractive indices at the fundamental (1 368 nm) and double (684 nm) frequencies. In addition, absorption spectra measurements of the films were performed before and immediately after poling in order to independently estimate orientational order of the dipoles through the decrease in the absorption coefficients.…”

Section: Nlo Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon the sample attaining room temperature, the poling field was cut off. The refractive index of the films was measured using the Brewster angle technique 27,28…”

Section: Experimental Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second Order Nonlinear Optical Performances of Polymers Containing Imidazole and Benzimidazole Chromophores

Carella

Centore

Sirigu

et al. 2004

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Summary: Condensation polymers based on two different NLO‐active chromophores, namely 2‐[4‐[(4‐N,N‐dihydroxyethylamino)phenylazo]phenyl]‐5(6)‐nitrobenzimidazole (BZI) and 2‐[4‐(4‐N,N‐dihydroxyethylamino)phenylazo]‐4,5‐dicyanoimidazole (IMI), have been synthesized and their basic properties measured. The second order NLO properties of poled polymers were investigated by SHG procedures at different temperatures (35, 65 and 85 °C) and exposure times. Resonance free d33 coefficients (λ = 1 368 nm) took values in the range 1.8–4.0 pm · V−1, but the time stability of their SHG signal was fairly acceptable, particularly for the high Tg (e.g. 188 °C) polymer for which a relaxation time (at 25 °C) of 2.8 years has been determined.

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Influence of Absorption on Measurement of Refractive Index of Films

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Sm3+-doped (Ca,Mg,Zr)GGG crystal: A potential reddish-orange laser crystal

Sm3+-doped (Ca,Mg,Zr)GGG crystal: A potential reddish-orange laser crystal

Optics of Inhomogeneous Thin Films with Defects: Application to Optical Characterization

Second Order Nonlinear Optical Performances of Polymers Containing Imidazole and Benzimidazole Chromophores

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