Influence mechanism of parameters process and mechanical properties evolution mechanism of maraging steel 300 by selective laser melting

Bai, Yuchao; Yang, Yongqiang; Wang, Di; Zhang, Mingkang

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2017.06.033

Cited by 246 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, the layer-wise effect can be reduced or removed by appropriate heat treatment, so the anisotropy of impact energy is alleviative and inconspicuous in heat-treated specimens. It is worth mentioning that, Bai et al [22] and Kempen et al [38] reported that the impact energy of SLM produced 18Ni300 were only about 24 J and 43 J for the as-fabricated condition, respectively, and both of them obtained about 5 J for the aged specimens.…”

Section: Charpy Impact Behaviormentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Nevertheless, compared with the intensively reported titanium alloy [19], nickel alloy [20] and aluminium alloy [21], relatively few researches concerning SLM fabricated MS have been reported, and they generally focused on laser process optimization [22,23], heat treatment exploration and mechanical performance development [17,24,25]. However, the effects of building orientation on the mechanical properties, the influence of heat treatment on the mechanical anisotropy, precipitation behaviors and strengthening mechanisms, etc., are not yet systematically investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructural characterization and properties of selective laser melted maraging steel with different build directions

Tan

Zhou

Min

et al. 2018

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

192

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A nearly fully dense grade 300 maraging steel was fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing with optimum laser parameters. Different heat treatments were elaborately applied based on the detected phase transformation temperatures. Microstructures, precipitation characteristics, residual stress and properties of the as-fabricated and heat-treated SLM parts were systematically characterized and analyzed. The observed submicron grain size (0.31 μm on average) suggests an extremely high cooling rate up to 10 7 K/s. Massive needle-shaped nanoprecipitates Ni 3 X (X = Ti, Al, Mo) are clearly present in the martensitic matrix, which accounts for the age hardening. The interfacial relations between the precipitate and matrix are revealed by electron microscopy and illustrated in detail. Strengthening mechanism is explained by Orowan bowing mechanism and coherency strain hardening. Building orientation-based mechanical anisotropy, caused by 'layer-wise effect', is also investigated in as-fabricated and heat-treated specimens. The findings reveal that heat treatments not only induce strengthening, but also significantly relieve the residual stress and slightly eliminate the mechanical anisotropy. In addition, comprehensive performance in terms of Charpy impact test, tribological performance, as well as corrosion resistance of the as-fabricated and heat-treated parts are characterized and systematically investigated in comparison with traditionally produced maraging steels as guidance for industry applications.

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Section: Charpy Impact Behaviormentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural characterization and properties of selective laser melted maraging steel with different build directions

Tan

Zhou

Min

et al. 2018

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

192

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“…Furthermore, only the horizontal (0 • ) build-orientation is considered. Authors Yin et al [28], Bai et al [29] and Mutua et al [16] also present hardness and tensile data for horizontal specimens tested under a narrow array of aging treatments. In these studies, however, non-characteristic fluctuations/variations in the AM alloy's elasticity and plasticity behaviour can be observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic anisotropy of additively manufactured maraging steel: Influence of the build orientation and heat treatments

Mooney

Kourousis

Raghavendra

2019

Additive Manufacturing

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This experimental study investigates the combined effect of the three primary Additive Manufacturing (AM) build orientations (0 • , 45 • , and 90 •) and an extensive array of heat treatment plans on the plastic anisotropy of maraging steel 300 (MS1) fabricated on the EOSINT M280 Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) system. The alloy's microstructure, hardness, tensile properties and plastic strain behaviour have been examined for various strengthening heattreatment plans to assess the influence of the time and temperature combinations on plastic anisotropy and mechanical properties (e.g. strength, ductility). A comprehensive visual representation of the material's overall mechanical properties, for all three AM build orientations, against the various heat treatment plans is offered through time-temperature contour maps. Considerable plastic anisotropy has been confirmed in the as-built condition, which can be reduced by aging heat-treatment, as verified in this study. However, it has identified that a degree of transverse strain anisotropy is likely to remain due to the AM alloy's fabrication history, a finding that has not been previously reported in the literature. Moreover, the heat treatment plan (6h at 490 • C) recommended by the DMLS system manufacturer has been found not to be the optimal in terms of achieving high strength, hardness, ductility and low anisotropy for the MS1 material. With the use of the comprehensive experimental data collected and analysed in this study, and presented in the constructed contour maps, the alloy's heat treatment parameters (time, temperature) can be tailored to meet the desired strength/ductility/anisotropy design requirements, either for research or part production purposes.

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“…A small number of build defects such as small pores is observed, especially for the samples built at high scan speed or at low laser power. These pores have irregular shape ascribed to the lack of liquid metal to fully complete the area drawn by the laser (Bai et al, 2017). This kind of microstructure is significantly different that those observed in conventional ODS alloys (García-Junceda et al, 2012).…”

Section: Effect Of Slm Processing Parameters On the Microstructurementioning

confidence: 76%

“…In this case, refusion occurs in-depth. Bai et al (2017) studied the influence of processing parameters during the elaboration of maraging steel 300 by selective laser melting. In their study, they explained that when the laser power is higher than a specific value, It could be assumed that for laser power much higher than 175 W or for scan speed lower than 30 mm.s -1 , the relative density would decrease because of the keyhole-mode effect.…”

Section: Role Of Processing Parameters On Density Of Slm Buildsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elaboration of oxide dispersion strengthened Fe-14Cr stainless steel by selective laser melting

Vasquez

Giroux

Lomello

et al. 2019

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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et al.. Elaboration of oxide dispersion strengthened Fe-14Cr stainless steel by selective laser melting. Abstract: This study presents the influence of the main selective laser melting (SLM) processing parameters on the densification behavior and microstructure evolution of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) Fe-14Cr stainless steel. Optimization of the process parameters allows to manufacture ODS stainless steel parts, which present high densities up to 98% and a fine dispersion of nanosized Y-Ti rich oxide particles. Laser power and scan speed are found to strongly influence the density and the microstructure of SLM builds. The ratio power over scan speed controls the width and the depth of the molten pool. Low energy densities (i.e. a low laser power or a high scan speed), inferior to 100 J.mm -3 , cause lack of fusion of the powder and induce the presence of numerous pores. Finer microstructure can be achieved in this condition since grains receive less energy to growth. The hatch distance does not affect the density in the range of testing values. A decrease in hatch distance causes re-fusion of previous neighbor track but does not re-melt the previous layer since the ratio power over speed is kept constant when varying the hatch distance. A slight coarsening of the microstructure is observed in this case. A large range of hatch distance can be used and especially large values, which decrease the time of production. This study can be a guideline to achieve materials with specific microstructure for high temperature applications. [19] References: A. R. Jones, 2010. Historical perspective: ODS alloy development. AlMangour, B., Grzesiak, D., Borkar, T., Yang, J.-M., 2018. Densification behavior, microstructural evolution, and mechanical properties of TiC/316L stainless steel nanocomposites fabricated by selective laser melting. Materials & Design 138, 119-128. https://doi.-M., 2017. Scanning strategies for texture and anisotropy tailoring during selective laser melting of TiC/316L stainless steel nanocomposites. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 728, 424-435. https://doi., J., 2014. Selective laser melting of in situ titanium-titanium boride composites: Processing, microstructure and mechanical properties. Acta Materialia 76, 13-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2014.05.022 Attar, H., Ehtemam-Haghighi, S., Kent, D., Dargusch, M.S., 2018. Recent developments and opportunities in additive manufacturing of titanium-based matrix composites: A review. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 133, 85-102. https://doi.

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Influence mechanism of parameters process and mechanical properties evolution mechanism of maraging steel 300 by selective laser melting

Cited by 246 publications

References 30 publications

Microstructural characterization and properties of selective laser melted maraging steel with different build directions

Microstructural characterization and properties of selective laser melted maraging steel with different build directions

Plastic anisotropy of additively manufactured maraging steel: Influence of the build orientation and heat treatments

Elaboration of oxide dispersion strengthened Fe-14Cr stainless steel by selective laser melting

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