Influence De La Fertilisation Azotée Sur La Valeur Alimentaire Des Fourrages Verts

Demarquilly, C.; Boissau, J.-M.; Bousquet, H.; Cuylle, G.

doi:10.1051/animres:19700405

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These authors, however, affirm that N fertilizer has no effect on DMI as long as the forage is collected at the same age of regrowth. This is in contrast to the results of Demarquilly (1970) and those of the present study. Perhaps the most important finding of this study is the significant reduction of DMI of the experimental animals in winter, produced by N fertilization.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Fertilization on Rye Pasture: Effect on Forage Chemical Composition, Voluntary Intake, Digestibility and Rumen Degradation

Ferri¹,

Stritzler²,

Pagella³

2004

J Agronomy Crop Science

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The effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization of a rye pasture (Secale cereale L.) on the chemical composition of forage and its utilization in vivo and in situ were investigated in winter (W) and early spring (S). Half of the paddock to be assayed was spread with 93 kg urea-N ha )1 (treatment F), and the other half was not fertilized (treatment NF). Each experiment lasted for 17 days; apparent dry matter digestibility in vivo, voluntary dry matter intake (DMI) and digestible DMI were measured on nine rams per treatment. Two rumen cannulated animals per treatment were under the same feeding regime, and used to collect samples of rumen contents. The concentrations of ammonia (NH 3 ) and short-chain fatty acids and pH were measured in these samples. The offered forage was also incubated in the rumen of three Holstein-Friesian steers to estimate its degradation parameters in situ. Fertilization with N increased total N and decreased dry matter (DM) and non-structural carbohydrate concentrations in both periods. DMI was reduced by fertilization. The rumen concentrations of NH 3 were higher in F than in NF in both periods. In both periods, the effective DM degradability of forage was higher in F than in NF. N fertilization affects chemical composition, voluntary intake and rumen digestion of forage from rye pasture.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Fertilization on Rye Pasture: Effect on Forage Chemical Composition, Voluntary Intake, Digestibility and Rumen Degradation

Ferri¹,

Stritzler²,

Pagella³

2004

J Agronomy Crop Science

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“…The cyanide detoxification mechanism might explain why excessive protein content is not regarded as a problem with white clover, whilst similarly high protein contents in grasses that have received high levels of nitrogen fertiliser lead to reductions in voluntary intake in some (e.g. Ferri et al, 2004) but not all (Demarquilly, 1970) studies. Indeed, we can speculate that these effects could be involved in the carefully regulated diurnal preferences of ruminants for ryegrass and white clover (Rutter et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary sulphur sources on concentrations of hydrogen sulphide in the rumen head-space gas of dairy cows

Dewhurst

Kim

Evans

et al. 2007

Animal

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Three change-over design experiments investigated the origin of hydrogen sulphide in the rumen head-space gas of dairy cows, comparing the effects of single iso-S additions of methionine, cysteine and sodium sulphate, as well as the effects of single meals of fresh ryegrass or white clover. The concentration of hydrogen sulphide in rumen gas declined close to zero within 4 h after withdrawal of the previous feed. Sulphur sources were then given to cows and concentrations of hydrogen sulphide recorded in rumen head-space gas at 30-min intervals. Cysteine addition (8 g) led to a rapid (within 30 min) and a large (490 and 957 p.p.m. respectively in two experiments) increase in hydrogen sulphide concentration. Concentrations were significantly less following methionine addition. Increasing levels of cysteine addition led to significant increases in hydrogen sulphide concentrations ( P , 0.001 for the linear effect), although peak hydrogen sulphide was delayed and concentrations remained higher for longer with the highest (12 g) addition of cysteine ( P , 0.01 for the 'cysteine level' £ 'time' interaction). The increase in concentration of hydrogen sulphide from sodium sulphate was smaller (230 p.p.m.) and slower (2 h) than for cysteine. Despite the much higher intake of cystine for white clover in comparison with perennial ryegrass ( P , 0.001), there was almost no increase in hydrogen sulphide concentration in rumen head-space gas from cows fed white clover. It seems likely that this is associated with the use of sulphur to produce thiocyanate to detoxify the hydrogen cyanide from cyanogenic white clover.

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“…When considering the effect of N fertilization on DM intake in grazing animals, conflicting results exist. Demarquilly (1970) observed different effects of N fertilization on DM intake in 32 trials. When comparing N fertilized against non-fertilized pastures, the author reported similar, higher and lower DM intakes on fertilized pastures than non-fertilized pastures in 13, 11 and 8 trials, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Peyraud et al (1997) found no difference in DM intake between cows eating fertilized and non fertilized pastures. Demarquilly (1970) found variable results in several comparisons, while Ferri et al (2004) observed a lower DM intake in animals eating winter pastures with higher levels of N fertilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Nitrogen balance in Holstein steers grazing winter oats: effect of nitrogen fertilisation

et al. 2016

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The present study evaluated the effect of nitrogen (N) fertilisation of winter oats on whole-animal N balance (N intake, N excretion in urine and faeces, N retention), partition of urinary N (purine-N derivatives and urea-N) and average daily gain (ADG) in grazing steers. The experimental area was divided in two plots (10 steers/plot), and samples were obtained in two periods (one plot/period).The experimental area was divided in two plots, and each plot in 10 strips. Twenty Holstein steers (161.3 ± 7 kg of initial bodyweight) grazed, for 51 days, individual strips of fertilised (100 kg N/ha; N100) and non-fertilised (N0) winter oats during daylight (10 h/day). The daily individual grazing paddock was adjusted to offer 6 kg DM of green leaf·100 kg/BW.day. Chemical composition of the herbage and N diurnal variation were estimated by collecting three samples per paddock at 0830 hours, 1330 hours and 1830 hours, twice on each sampling period. Forage intake and in vivo digestibility were estimated by the n-alkane technique. Individual N intake was estimated using n-alkane data, the ingestive behaviour data and the diurnal variation of the chemical composition of the forage. N fertilisation increased N content [P < 0.01; N0 = 11.4% crude protein (CP) vs N100 = 13.9% CP] and decreased the water-soluble carbohydrate content (P < 0.01; N0 = 21.1% vs N100 = 16.8%) in the forage, but did not modify herbage mass or the DM content. Dry matter intake (4.72 kg DM/day), water intake (7.57 L/day) and DM digestibility (67%) were not affected by N fertilisation. However, N intake and N digestibility were higher in N100 than in N0 (20 vs 7 g N/day). Although treatments had similar faecal N excretions (average 45.4 g N/day), there was a trend to increase urinary N excretion with N intake (P = 0.08; N100 = 53.3 vs N0 = 47.5 g N/day), a trend to increase N-allantoin excretion (P = 0.11; N100 = 3.18 vs N0 = 2.91 g/day) and an increase in urea-N excretion (P < 0.01; N100 = 30.7 vs N0 = 23.8 g/day). Increasing N intake led to greater N retention (P < 0.02; N100 = 37.9 vs N0 = 20.9 g N/day) and ADG (P < 0.03; N100 = 860 vs N0 = 698 g/day). These results suggest that fertilising winter oats with 100 kg N/ha improves N retention and ADG in young steers under grazing conditions.

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Influence De La Fertilisation Azotée Sur La Valeur Alimentaire Des Fourrages Verts

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Nitrogen Fertilization on Rye Pasture: Effect on Forage Chemical Composition, Voluntary Intake, Digestibility and Rumen Degradation

Nitrogen Fertilization on Rye Pasture: Effect on Forage Chemical Composition, Voluntary Intake, Digestibility and Rumen Degradation

Effects of dietary sulphur sources on concentrations of hydrogen sulphide in the rumen head-space gas of dairy cows

Nitrogen balance in Holstein steers grazing winter oats: effect of nitrogen fertilisation

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