Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen: a case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen is a benign tumorous lesion of unknown etiology and pathogenesis that has been described in only a few cases in the literature. Recognition of this rare entity is important, as the clinical manifestations and imaging features could be indistinguishable from a lymphoproliferative disorder or another malignancy of the spleen. We report a new case and review the clinical presentation, laboratory findings, pathological and immunohistochemical studies, treatment, and prognosis of the previously reported cases of inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen.

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen concomitant with renal cell carcinoma: case report

“…The most frequent symptoms are abdominal pain, fatigue, weight loss, nausea, dyspepsia and night sweating. 2 Among the signs, fever and leukocytosis are often present. 2 Imaging studies of splenic inflammatory pseudotumors are as nonspecific as their clinical features.…”

“…2 Among the signs, fever and leukocytosis are often present. 2 Imaging studies of splenic inflammatory pseudotumors are as nonspecific as their clinical features. Plain radiography may show splenomegaly.…”

“…There is predominance of lymphocytes (mostly T cells), plasma cells, histiocytes and, to a lesser extent, neutrophils and eosinophils. 1,2 The features of the lymphocytes emphasize the benign nature of the tumor, with small, cytologically mature cells, absence of nuclear atypia and low mitotic activity. Centrally located areas of coagulative necrosis and areas of hemorrhage are often found.…”

“…Centrally located areas of coagulative necrosis and areas of hemorrhage are often found. 2 The etiology of splenic inflammatory pseudotumors remains unknown. Evidence favoring a possible infectious stimulus is still lacking.…”

Splenic Inflammatory Pseudotumor (Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor)

“…The most common preoperative diagnosis is lymphoma. 12 Splenectomy is both diagnostic and curative, and results in an excellent prognosis. 8 In splenic inflammatory pseudotumors, the respiratory symptoms of chronic bronchitis and sleep apnea syndrome seen in our case have not been reported previously ; only one case with complications of interstitial pneumonia was reported.…”