Inflammatory infiltrate in invasive lobular and ductal carcinoma of the breast

Lee, A. H. S.; Happerfield, Lisa; Millis, Rosemary R.; Bobrow, Lynda G.

doi:10.1038/bjc.1996.438

Cited by 33 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Both tumor MHC II expression [32][33][34] and DC infiltration [22,35,36] have previously been associated with T cell infiltration in various tumor types, and tumor class II expression has also previously been associated with a significant DC infiltrate [37,38]. Moreover, both DC infiltration [39] and tumor MHC II positivity [40,41] have been associated independently with improved prognosis in breast and other cancers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor Antigens and Antigen-Presenting Capacity in Breast Cancer

et al. 2002

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Aims: Cancer cells frequently express antigens capable of being recognized by the host immune system; however, any resultant immune response is often ineffective. This may be related in part to tumor-induced defects in antigen presentation. We screened for dendritic cell infiltration, tumor MHC II expression and associated lymphocytic reaction in the context of three established breast tumor antigens. Methods: Forty primary breast tumors were evaluated by immunohistochemical techniques for expression of her2/neu, p53, and MUC1 and MHC class II molecules. Twenty-five samples were further analyzed for p53 mutations by PCR-SSCP analysis and DNA sequencing. The phenotype of tumor-infiltrating inflammatory cells was evaluated using the following markers: CD1a, MHC Class II, CD3, CD45, and CD45RO. Results: Tumors with p53 mutations and overexpression, but not her2/neu or MUC1 overexpressing tumors, more frequently harbored marked CD1a+ dendritic cell infiltrates. An overall correlation between CD1a+ cell infiltrates and HLA class II expression on tumor cells (p = 0.0008) was also observed and these tumors had greater CD45RO+ lymphocytic infiltrates. Conclusions: In breast cancer, p53 mutations may present a more visible signal to the immune system and hence provide a better target for immunotherapy. Infiltrating CD1a positive cells are associated with a more dense tumor lymphocytic infiltrate and tumor cell expression of MHC II molecules.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor Antigens and Antigen-Presenting Capacity in Breast Cancer

et al. 2002

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“…A number of studies have observed that, in breast tumours, there is a diffuse infiltrate of T lymphocytes and macrophages (Lee et al, 1996(Lee et al, , 2006. It is also observed that there is an association with better outcome in patients with a moderate or marked diffuse inflammatory pattern in the subgroup of high-grade cases (Pupa et al, 1996;Lee et al, 2006).…”

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confidence: 92%

“…The principal cells involved in the cell-mediated response are T lymphocytes and macrophages (O'Sullivan and Lewis, 1994;Lee et al, 1996Lee et al, , 2006Ogmundsdottir, 2001). However, this immune response, in particular the local environment of cytokines, proteases, angiogenic/growth factors and the resulting systemic inflammatory response, may, in turn, stimulate tumour growth and metastasis (O'Sullivan and Lewis, 1994;Leek et al, 1996;Yu and Rak, 2003;Lin and Pollard, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

The relationship between the systemic inflammatory response, tumour proliferative activity, T-lymphocytic and macrophage infiltration, microvessel density and survival in patients with primary operable breast cancer

et al. 2008

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The significance of the inter-relationship between tumour and host local/systemic inflammatory responses in primary operable invasive breast cancer is limited. The inter-relationship between the systemic inflammatory response (pre-operative white cell count, C-reactive protein and albumin concentrations), standard clinicopathological factors, tumour T-lymphocytic (CD4 þ and CD8 þ ) and macrophage (CD68 þ ) infiltration, proliferative (Ki-67) index and microvessel density (CD34 þ ) was examined using immunohistochemistry and slide-counting techniques, and their prognostic values were examined in 168 patients with potentially curative resection of early-stage invasive breast cancer. Increased tumour grade and proliferative activity were associated with greater tumour T-lymphocyte (Po0.05) and macrophage (Po0.05) infiltration and microvessel density (Po0.01). The median follow-up of survivors was 72 months. During this period, 31 patients died; 18 died of their cancer. On univariate analysis, increased lymph-node involvement (Po0.01), negative hormonal receptor (Po0.10), lower albumin concentrations (Po0.01), increased tumour proliferation (Po0.05), increased tumour microvessel density (Po0.05), the extent of locoregional control (Po0.0001) and limited systemic treatment (Pp0.01) were associated with cancer-specific survival. On multivariate analysis of these significant covariates, albumin (HR 4.77, 95% CI 1.35 -16.85, P ¼ 0.015), locoregional treatment (HR 3.64, 95% CI 1.04 -12.72, P ¼ 0.043) and systemic treatment (HR 2.29, 95% CI 1.23 -4.27, P ¼ 0.009) were significant independent predictors of cancer-specific survival. Among tumour-based inflammatory factors, only tumour microvessel density (Po0.05) was independently associated with poorer cancerspecific survival. The host inflammatory responses are closely associated with poor tumour differentiation, proliferation and malignant disease progression in breast cancer.

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“…Furthermore, if combined with laser capture microdissection and transcardial fixation, it may be possible to dissect tissue of which the in vivo history is known and which can be used for further analyses such as mass spectrometry 16 , microarray analysis 17 or genomic sequencing 18 . Primary invasive lobular carcinoma tumours are a heterogeneous population of cells that includes cancer cells and a variety of immune cells such as T cells and macrophages 19 . Here, we have shown that the presence of T cells is linked to mILC tumour cell migration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%